Topic summary
30% 19 analyzed articles/videos 27,041 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Political Science results contain 52 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias , Biased Writer Voice , and Confirmation Bias , with Hasty Generalization as the most egregious example at 11.4% saturation with 13,481 hits . Analysis detected 90,057 faulty-reasoning hits from 118,541 analyzed words across 19 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.5% and a BS Rank of 7% (14,710 of 15,769 topics). This Political Science is better (less manipulative) than 93.30% of the peer group. Political Science
Topic details
Total words: 118,541
Article count: 19
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
7% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 6.7% percentile 1.5% BS Score19 analyzed articles118.5K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 4.0% 4.0% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 6.0% 6.0% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 3.2% 3.2% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 2.7% 2.7% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 2.9% 2.9% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Topic 1.0% 1.0% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Topic 1.4% 1.4% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Topic 1.3% 1.3% Anchoring Bias Sitewide 4.0% Topic 0.5% 0.5% Self-Serving Bias Sitewide 3.7% Topic 0.3% 0.3% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 4.0%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 6.0%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 3.2%, sitewide 15.9% Hasty Generalization: Topic 11.4%, sitewide 8.1% Appeal to Authority: Topic 2.7%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Topic 2.9%, sitewide 9.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 4.3%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Topic 1.4%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 1.3%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 5.0%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Topic 1.9%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 1.7%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 3.2%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 3.1% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 2.7% Politically Left Leaning Bias: Topic 2.5%, sitewide 2.0% Loss Aversion: Topic 0.1%, sitewide 2.5% False Dilemma: Topic 2.4%, sitewide 1.5% Bandwagon: Topic 0.1%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 2.2% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst