Topic summary
61% 8 analyzed articles/videos 2,240 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Noncitizen Voting results contain 50 faulty reasoning types, including Biased Writer Voice , Politically Right Leaning Bias , and Framing Effect , with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 11.6% saturation with 2,576 hits . Analysis detected 29,696 faulty-reasoning hits from 22,213 analyzed words across 8 articles, generating a BS Score of 2.7% and a BS Rank of 44% (9,342 of 16,562 topics). This Noncitizen Voting is better (less manipulative) than 56.40% of the peer group. Noncitizen Voting
Topic details
Total words: 22,213
Article count: 8
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
44% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 43.6% percentile 2.7% BS Score8 analyzed articles22.2K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 9.7% 9.7% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 6.3% 6.3% Politically Right Leaning… Sitewide 1.4% Topic 10.1% 10.1% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 11.6% 11.6% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Topic 0.3% 0.3% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide 5.3% Topic 11.2% 11.2% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 6.8% 6.8% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Topic 3.1% 3.1% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Topic 2.6% 2.6% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 6.0% 6.0% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 9.7%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 11.6%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 6.3%, sitewide 15.9% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 11.2%, sitewide 5.3% Appeal to Authority: Topic 6.8%, sitewide 11.1% Politically Right Leaning Bias: Topic 10.1%, sitewide 1.4% Availability Heuristic: Topic 6.0%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Topic 8.6%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 7.5%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Topic 3.1%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 2.6%, sitewide 6.0% Anecdotal: Topic 3.6%, sitewide 5.2% Ad Hominem: Topic 5.1%, sitewide 2.2% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 2.3%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Topic 1.4%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 1.4%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 0.8%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 1.9%, sitewide 3.1% Straw Man: Topic 2.9%, sitewide 0.9% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Topic 2.5%, sitewide 2.7% Indoctrination: Topic 2.5%, sitewide 0.0% Loss Aversion: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 2.5% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst