Topic summary
82% 8 analyzed articles/videos 6,136 analyzed words
BS Summary: These European Politics results contain 51 faulty reasoning types, including Hasty Generalization , Negativity Bias , and Framing Effect , with Biased Writer Voice as the most egregious example at 32.2% saturation with 8,028 hits . Analysis detected 43,889 faulty-reasoning hits from 24,937 analyzed words across 8 articles, generating a BS Score of 3.5% and a BS Rank of 60% (6,780 of 16,562 topics). This European Politics is worse (more manipulative) than 59.10% of the peer group. European Politics
Topic details
Total words: 24,937
Article count: 8
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
59% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 59.1% percentile 3.5% BS Score8 analyzed articles24.9K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide 5.3% Topic 32.2% 32.2% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 9.9% 9.9% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 4.8% 4.8% Politically Right Leaning… Sitewide 1.4% Topic 9.7% 9.7% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 2.9% 2.9% Ad Hominem Sitewide 2.2% Topic 9.7% 9.7% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Topic 14.5% 14.5% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 13.3% 13.3% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Topic 1.2% 1.2% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 4.5% 4.5% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 32.2%, sitewide 5.3% Framing Effect: Topic 9.9%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 13.3%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 4.8%, sitewide 15.9% Hasty Generalization: Topic 14.5%, sitewide 8.1% Appeal to Authority: Topic 2.9%, sitewide 11.1% Ad Hominem: Topic 9.7%, sitewide 2.2% Politically Right Leaning Bias: Topic 9.7%, sitewide 1.4% Availability Heuristic: Topic 4.5%, sitewide 9.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 6.0%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Topic 3.9%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 2.1%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 1.2%, sitewide 6.0% Anecdotal: Topic 2.3%, sitewide 5.2% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 4.8%, sitewide 2.7% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 1.9%, sitewide 4.6% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 4.3%, sitewide 3.3% Anchoring Bias: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 3.7% Slippery Slope: Topic 3.6%, sitewide 1.7% Pessimism Bias: Topic 3.3%, sitewide 1.9% Horn Effect: Topic 3.3%, sitewide 1.0% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 2.7%, sitewide 3.1% Politically Left Leaning Bias: Topic 2.9%, sitewide 2.0% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst