Topic summary
81% 6 analyzed articles/videos 4,298 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Urban Policy results contain 47 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias , Framing Effect , and Anecdotal , with Appeal to Emotion as the most egregious example at 19.8% saturation with 2,858 hits . Analysis detected 18,039 faulty-reasoning hits from 14,412 analyzed words across 6 articles, generating a BS Score of 2.7% and a BS Rank of 44% (9,375 of 16,562 topics). This Urban Policy is better (less manipulative) than 56.60% of the peer group. Urban Policy
Topic details
Total words: 14,412
Article count: 6
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
43% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 43.4% percentile 2.7% BS Score6 analyzed articles14.4K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 10.0% 10.0% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 10.4% 10.4% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 1.5% 1.5% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 19.8% 19.8% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Topic 4.2% 4.2% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Topic 3.1% 3.1% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Topic 1.2% 1.2% Anchoring Bias Sitewide 4.0% Topic 0.7% 0.7% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 7.8% 7.8% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Topic 3.1% 3.1% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 10.0%, sitewide 26.9% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 19.8%, sitewide 15.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 10.4%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Authority: Topic 7.8%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Topic 1.5%, sitewide 9.1% Anecdotal: Topic 8.2%, sitewide 5.2% Hasty Generalization: Topic 4.2%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 6.8%, sitewide 7.5% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 7.3%, sitewide 5.3% In-Group Bias: Topic 4.0%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 3.1%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 3.1%, sitewide 6.0% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 1.2%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 1.9%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 3.2%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 3.0%, sitewide 3.1% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 3.0%, sitewide 2.7% False Dilemma: Topic 2.9%, sitewide 1.5% Recency Bias: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Topic 1.3%, sitewide 2.5% Indoctrination: Topic 2.4%, sitewide 0.0% Pessimism Bias: Topic 2.3%, sitewide 1.9% Bandwagon: Topic 1.4%, sitewide 2.2% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst