Topic summary
36% 10 analyzed articles/videos 7,779 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Espionage results contain 50 faulty reasoning types, including Confirmation Bias , Hasty Generalization , and Appeal to Authority , with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 11.9% saturation with 4,103 hits . Analysis detected 30,552 faulty-reasoning hits from 34,394 analyzed words across 10 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.8% and a BS Rank of 16% (13,272 of 15,780 topics). This Espionage is better (less manipulative) than 84.10% of the peer group. Espionage
Topic details
Total words: 34,394
Article count: 10
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
16% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 15.9% percentile 1.8% BS Score10 analyzed articles34.4K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 5.6% 5.6% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 5.8% 5.8% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 11.9% 11.9% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Topic 0.1% 0.1% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Topic 0.5% 0.5% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Topic 0.4% 0.4% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 6.3% 6.3% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 5.1% 5.1% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Topic 0.7% 0.7% Anecdotal Sitewide 5.2% Topic 1.9% 1.9% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 5.6%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 11.9%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 5.8%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Topic 6.3%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Topic 5.1%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Topic 6.3%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 6.8%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 0.1%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 5.1%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Topic 1.9%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Topic 2.4%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 2.0%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 3.1% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 2.5% Ambiguity (Equivocation): Topic 2.3%, sitewide 0.8% Bandwagon: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 2.2% Politically Right Leaning Bias: Topic 2.2%, sitewide 1.4% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst