Topic summary
57% 12 analyzed articles/videos 4,699 analyzed words
BS Summary: These City Council results contain 49 faulty reasoning types, including Framing Effect , Appeal to Emotion , and Hasty Generalization , with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 9.3% saturation with 2,633 hits . Analysis detected 22,801 faulty-reasoning hits from 28,448 analyzed words across 12 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.6% and a BS Rank of 12% (14,012 of 15,778 topics). This City Council is better (less manipulative) than 88.80% of the peer group. City Council
Topic details
Total words: 28,448
Article count: 12
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
11% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 11.2% percentile 1.6% BS Score12 analyzed articles28.4K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 9.1% 9.1% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 9.3% 9.3% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 6.4% 6.4% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 3.0% 3.0% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Topic 1.0% 1.0% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 3.2% 3.2% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Topic 1.7% 1.7% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Topic 3.4% 3.4% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Topic 2.7% 2.7% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Topic 1.0% 1.0% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 9.1%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 9.3%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 6.4%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Topic 3.0%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Topic 3.2%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Topic 3.4%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Topic 1.7%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 2.7%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 2.5%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 2.2%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Topic 2.3%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Topic 1.3%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 1.2%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 3.1% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 1.4%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Topic 1.9%, sitewide 2.5% Bandwagon: Topic 0.9%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 2.2% Pessimism Bias: Topic 2.2%, sitewide 1.9% Ad Hominem: Topic 1.9%, sitewide 2.2% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst