Author summary
24% 31 analyzed articles/videos 11,884 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Andrew Paul results contain 45 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Authority , Biased Writer Voice , and Hasty Generalization , with Optimism Bias as the most egregious example at 6.9% saturation with 3,673 hits . Analysis detected 38,194 faulty-reasoning hits from 53,353 analyzed words across 31 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.6% and a BS Rank of 16% (5,366 of 6,341 authors). This Andrew Paul is better (less manipulative) than 84.60% of the peer group. Andrew Paul
Author details
Total words: 53,353
Article count: 31
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
15% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 15.4% percentile 1.6% BS Score31 analyzed articles53.4K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 4.5% 4.5% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 4.4% 4.4% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 3.5% 3.5% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Author 0.3% 0.3% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 3.1% 3.1% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 5.6% 5.6% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Author 1.6% 1.6% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Author 2.6% 2.6% Anecdotal Sitewide 5.2% Author 1.9% 1.9% Self-Serving Bias Sitewide 3.7% Author 0.6% 0.6% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 4.5%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 4.4%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 3.5%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 5.6%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 3.1%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Author 5.1%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 2.6%, sitewide 7.5% Optimism Bias: Author 6.9%, sitewide 6.0% In-Group Bias: Author 0.3%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Author 1.6%, sitewide 6.7% Biased Writer Voice: Author 5.1%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Author 1.9%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Author 3.3%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Author 1.5%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Author 0.6%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 2.4%, sitewide 3.3% Fundamental Attribution Error: Author 0.1%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Author 1.7%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Author 0.3%, sitewide 2.5% Unattributed Quote: Author 2.3%, sitewide 1.1% Bandwagon: Author 0.5%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Author 0.7%, sitewide 2.2% Ambiguity (Equivocation): Author 2.2%, sitewide 0.8% Representativeness Heuristic: Author 1.1%, sitewide 1.9% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst