Topic summary
⁠0%3 analyzed articles/videos1,825 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Referendum results contain 41 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Emotion, Negativity Bias, and Appeal to Authority, with Framing Effect as the most egregious example at 16.6% saturation with 1,062 hits. Analysis detected 6,794 faulty-reasoning hits from 6,404 analyzed words across 3 articles, generating a BS Score of 2.6% and a BS Rank of ⁠42% (9,674 of 16,562 topics). This Referendum is better (less manipulative) than 58.40% of the peer group.
Referendum
Topic ranking list
Topic details
Total words: 6,404
Article count: 3
Authors

Ranking context

Position among analyzed topics

42% percentile
025507510041.6% percentile
2.6% BS Score3 analyzed articles6.4K analyzed words

Reasoning profile

Selected profile versus the sitewide rate

TopicSitewideShared scale 0–50%
0.0%10%20%30%40%50%Negativity BiasSitewide 19.2%Topic 7.8%7.8%Framing EffectSitewide 26.9%Topic 16.6%16.6%Availability HeuristicSitewide 9.1%Topic 1.4%1.4%Appeal to EmotionSitewide 15.9%Topic 9.9%9.9%Hasty GeneralizationSitewide 8.1%Topic 2.1%2.1%Optimism BiasSitewide 6.0%Topic 1.1%1.1%In-Group BiasSitewide 6.9%Topic 2.3%2.3%AnecdotalSitewide 5.2%Topic 1.1%1.1%Politically Left Leaning …Sitewide 2.0%Topic 5.8%5.8%Appeal to AuthoritySitewide 11.1%Topic 7.7%7.7%

Sitewide departure map

Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often

0.0%0.0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%Framing Effect: Topic 16.6%, sitewide 26.9%Negativity Bias: Topic 7.8%, sitewide 19.2%Appeal to Emotion: Topic 9.9%, sitewide 15.9%Appeal to Authority: Topic 7.7%, sitewide 11.1%Availability Heuristic: Topic 1.4%, sitewide 9.1%Hasty Generalization: Topic 2.1%, sitewide 8.1%Confirmation Bias: Topic 4.5%, sitewide 7.5%In-Group Bias: Topic 2.3%, sitewide 6.9%Optimism Bias: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 6.0%Politically Left Leaning Bias: Topic 5.8%, sitewide 2.0%Status Quo Bias: Topic 5.5%, sitewide 2.2%Biased Writer Voice: Topic 3.0%, sitewide 5.3%Overconfidence Bias: Topic 5.3%, sitewide 4.6%Anecdotal: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 5.2%Slippery Slope: Topic 4.9%, sitewide 1.7%Anchoring Bias: Topic 1.7%, sitewide 4.0%Pessimism Bias: Topic 3.7%, sitewide 1.9%Self-Serving Bias: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 3.7%Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 0.6%, sitewide 3.3%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 3.1%Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 2.7%Recency Bias: Topic 1.2%, sitewide 2.7%Loss Aversion: Topic 2.2%, sitewide 2.5%Bandwagon: Topic 2.4%, sitewide 2.2%Framing EffectSitewide rateTopic rate

Analyzed articles and videos