Missouri redistricting foes want Hoskins to decide on referendum now. Here's why that's not likely 14%

By Jason Rosenbaum0%

5/14/2026, 9:00:00 AM

BS Summary: This article contains 23 faulty reasoning types, including Status Quo Bias, Pessimism Bias, and Appeal to Emotion, with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 17.8% saturation with 165 hits. Analysis detected 1,520 faulty-reasoning hits from 929 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 30.5% and a BS Rank of 14% (18,877 of 21,887 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 86.20% of the article peer group.

In the wake of a key Missouri Supreme Court decision, a group seeking to overturn a GOP-friendly congressional map wants Secretary of State Denny Hoskins to decide the fate of its referendum now. 
But that's not likely to happen. 
And Hoskins is dismissing the idea that waiting to decide on the referendum until late July or early August will place the legitimacy of the primary election in doubt. 
Late last year, the group People Not Politicians turned in signatures to place a congressional map approved by the Republican-dominated legislature in 2025 up for a statewide vote. 
The Missouri Supreme Court ruled Tuesday that the submission of those signatures did not suspend that map, which targets Democratic Congressman Emanuel Cleaver II. 
Citing preliminary data showing his group has enough signatures for the referendum to qualify for the November 2026 election, People Not Politicians' Richard von Glahn called on Hoskins to make a decision now on the referendum's fate, suspend the 2025 map and put the 2022 map in place. 
Waiting until late July or August, von Glahn said Wednesday, would likely create a chaotic legal situation in which the legitimacy of the Aug. 4 primary is put into question. 
"The secretary is taking on tremendous risk if he proceeds with trying to force (the 2025 map) into effect, because he could be forcing an election based on a completely illegal and fabricated set of boundaries," von Glahn said. 
Chuck Hatfield, an attorney with People Not Politicians, acknowledged that Hoskins likely can wait until late July or early August to make a decision. 
But he said the consequences of that choice could be far-reaching. 
"What happens next is chaos," Hatfield said. 
"One could speculate that a candidate might file a lawsuit and say, 'Well, the primaries were conducted using the wrong maps.' 
That is what Missouri calls an election irregularity, and a candidate could legitimately ask, I think, that the primary elections be set aside." 
Hoskins doesn't plan to act soon 
Hoskins told reporters Tuesday that he doesn't plan to make a determination immediately on whether the referendum qualified for the ballot. 
"Some of the local election authorities are still counting signatures," said Hoskins, adding that election officials have until July 27 to finish verifying signatures. 
"So I'm going to make sure that all the local election authorities have had their voices heard and that all the people that signed that petition had their voices heard. 
And I'll start that certification process after July 27." 
He said he doubted that the 2022 map would be put into effect if he ends up approving the referendum. 
"I would say that it's too far along in the election in order to change the maps for 2026," Hoskins said. 
"Now, if the referendum is certified sufficient, and it does go on the ballot in November of 2026 (and the new map is voted down), there is a possibility that in 2028 that it could revert back to the old maps." 
Eddie Greim is a Kansas City-based attorney who helped write an amicus brief on behalf of St. 
Charles County Elections Director Kurt Bahr in this case. 
Bahr argued in that filing that forcing clerks to run congressional elections under the 2022 map would spur "mass chaos and confusion." 
He said in an email that "it would be impossible to abruptly 'stay' these districts for a federal election before voting in the Aug. 4 primary is over." 
"By then, hundreds of thousands of votes will likely have been submitted by overseas and absentee voters," Greim said. 
"And there would be federal due process problems with having the primaries under one set of districts and the general election under another set. 
"This may well be a situation where the U.S. 
Constitution would require the election to occur under the (2025 districts), at least for 2026." 
Boone County clerk also wants clarity 
Meanwhile, Boone County's top election official said residents will vote under the 2022 congressional districts until Hoskins makes a decision on the referendum. 
In a letter to Hoskins sent on Wednesday, Boone County Clerk Brianna Lennon wrote that she "will not be redrawing districts until your office issues a determination on the sufficiency of the referendum petition filed with your office on December 9, 2025." 
She cited a part of the Supreme Court decision in which Judge Ginger Gooch wrote "it is impossible to say as of this opinion whether the December 9 referendum petition filing was 'legal, sufficient, and timely' and, therefore, whether HB1 when into effect on December 11 or whether HB1 was referred to the people as of December 9 and can only go into effect when approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon." 
Lennon, a Democrat, wrote: "As a result, I am caught in the untenable position of trying to predict when and how you will issue a determination about the sufficiency of the petition. 
Until that time, I have no actionable legal information as to what congressional district map is in effect so I will not be making any changes to the map that was in place prior to the enactment of (the 2025 map)." 
Hoskins' office did not immediately return a request for comment. 
St. 
Louis County Democratic Elections Director Eric Fey said it's too soon to say whether his election authority will also use 2022 maps until Hoskins makes a referendum decision. 
He said the St. 
Louis County Board of Elections Commissioners meets next week. 
Copyright 2026 St. 
Louis Public Radio 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 8.8%Jason Rosenbaum: 2.4%Columbia Missourian: 1.7%Confirmation Bias8.8%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.6%Columbia Missourian: 0.8%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 4.3%Jason Rosenbaum: 2.3%Columbia Missourian: 2.7%Availability Heuristic4.3%This article: 3.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.1%Columbia Missourian: 0.9%Representativeness Heuristic3.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.3%Columbia Missourian: 0.4%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 3.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.8%Columbia Missourian: 1.3%Overconfidence Bias3.0%This article: 10.3%Jason Rosenbaum: 8.6%Columbia Missourian: 5.5%Framing Effect10.3%This article: 3.2%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.7%Columbia Missourian: 1.0%Loss Aversion3.2%This article: 17.2%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.4%Columbia Missourian: 0.7%Status Quo Bias17.2%This article: 2.3%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.1%Columbia Missourian: 0.3%Sunk Cost Effect2.3%This article: 4.4%Jason Rosenbaum: 3.6%Columbia Missourian: 4.5%Optimism Bias4.4%This article: 15.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 2.1%Columbia Missourian: 1.6%Pessimism Bias15.0%This article: 17.8%Jason Rosenbaum: 6.7%Columbia Missourian: 5.4%Negativity Bias17.8%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 3.5%Columbia Missourian: 1.7%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 3.4%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.2%Columbia Missourian: 0.6%Fundamental Attribution Error3.4%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.3%Columbia Missourian: 0.2%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 3.0%Columbia Missourian: 1.6%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.9%Columbia Missourian: 0.4%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 2.0%Columbia Missourian: 2.4%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.1%Columbia Missourian: 0.0%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.0%Columbia Missourian: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 3.7%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.1%Columbia Missourian: 0.9%Recency Bias3.7%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.2%Columbia Missourian: 0.3%Primacy Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.1%Columbia Missourian: 0.0%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.5%Columbia Missourian: 0.5%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.7%Columbia Missourian: 0.2%Straw Man0.0%This article: 9.6%Jason Rosenbaum: 3.0%Columbia Missourian: 2.9%Appeal to Authority9.6%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.6%Columbia Missourian: 1.1%False Dilemma0.0%This article: 7.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 2.1%Columbia Missourian: 1.0%Slippery Slope7.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.2%Columbia Missourian: 0.1%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 6.5%Jason Rosenbaum: 4.9%Columbia Missourian: 3.6%Hasty Generalization6.5%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.4%Columbia Missourian: 0.2%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.0%Columbia Missourian: 0.7%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 13.2%Jason Rosenbaum: 7.2%Columbia Missourian: 5.2%Appeal to Emotion13.2%This article: 5.1%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.3%Columbia Missourian: 0.6%Begging the Question5.1%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.9%Columbia Missourian: 2.0%Post Hoc (False Cause)0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.2%Columbia Missourian: 0.0%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 5.2%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.5%Columbia Missourian: 0.4%Burden of Proof5.2%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.2%Columbia Missourian: 0.2%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.3%Columbia Missourian: 0.2%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 2.3%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.5%Columbia Missourian: 2.6%Anecdotal2.3%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.3%Columbia Missourian: 0.1%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 6.4%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.3%Columbia Missourian: 1.3%Ambiguity (Equivocation)6.4%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.0%Columbia Missourian: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.1%Columbia Missourian: 0.1%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.0%Columbia Missourian: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.2%Columbia Missourian: 0.1%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.1%Columbia Missourian: 0.1%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 3.4%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.2%Columbia Missourian: 0.8%Unattributed Quote3.4%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.0%Columbia Missourian: 0.7%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 8.6%Jason Rosenbaum: 2.9%Columbia Missourian: 2.9%Biased Writer Voice8.6%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.3%Columbia Missourian: 1.3%Indoctrination0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.8%Columbia Missourian: 0.7%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 1.7%Columbia Missourian: 0.2%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jason Rosenbaum: 0.1%Columbia Missourian: 1.7%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…0.0%

929 words analyzed.

Speakers

7speakers66%attributed speech320writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 33 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 29 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 28 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 24 words • 0.0% coverageRichard von Glahn • 48 words • 100.0% coverageRichard von Glahn • 30 words • 0.0% coverageRichard von Glahn • 39 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 24 words • 0.0% coverageChuck Hatfield • 11 words • 0.0% coverageChuck Hatfield • 7 words • 0.0% coverageChuck Hatfield • 21 words • 0.0% coverageChuck Hatfield • 23 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageDenny Hoskins • 21 words • 0.0% coverageDenny Hoskins • 24 words • 0.0% coverageDenny Hoskins • 30 words • 0.0% coverageDenny Hoskins • 9 words • 0.0% coverageDenny Hoskins • 20 words • 0.0% coverageDenny Hoskins • 21 words • 0.0% coverageDenny Hoskins • 41 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 17 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageKurt Bahr • 22 words • 0.0% coverageKurt Bahr • 28 words • 0.0% coverageEddie Greim • 19 words • 0.0% coverageEddie Greim • 24 words • 0.0% coverageEddie Greim • 9 words • 0.0% coverageEddie Greim • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 23 words • 0.0% coverageBrianna Lennon • 42 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 74 words • 0.0% coverageBrianna Lennon • 32 words • 100.0% coverageBrianna Lennon • 41 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageEric Fey • 28 words • 0.0% coverageEric Fey • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverage
Selected voice

Richard von Glahn

100%flagged-word coverage
117 attributed words19% of attributed speech74% writer coverage
0%22.5%45.0%Biased Writer Voice+41.0 ptsWriter: 0.0%Richard von Glahn: 41.0%41.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.