Topic summary
⁠0%3 analyzed articles/videos400 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Graduation results contain 35 faulty reasoning types, including Framing Effect, Halo Effect, and Negativity Bias, with Biased Writer Voice as the most egregious example at 8.3% saturation with 566 hits. Analysis detected 4,545 faulty-reasoning hits from 6,816 analyzed words across 3 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.9% and a BS Rank of ⁠20% (13,225 of 16,504 topics). This Graduation is better (less manipulative) than 80.10% of the peer group.
Graduation
Topic ranking list
Topic details
Total words: 6,816
Article count: 3
Authors

Ranking context

Position among analyzed topics

20% percentile
025507510019.9% percentile
1.9% BS Score3 analyzed articles6.8K analyzed words

Reasoning profile

Selected profile versus the sitewide rate

TopicSitewideShared scale 0–50%
0.0%10%20%30%40%50%Framing EffectSitewide 26.9%Topic 7.4%7.4%Negativity BiasSitewide 19.2%Topic 4.7%4.7%Appeal to EmotionSitewide 15.9%Topic 4.3%4.3%Appeal to AuthoritySitewide 11.1%Topic 3.3%3.3%Availability HeuristicSitewide 9.1%Topic 2.0%2.0%Hasty GeneralizationSitewide 8.1%Topic 1.8%1.8%Optimism BiasSitewide 6.0%Topic 1.3%1.3%Overconfidence BiasSitewide 4.6%Topic 0.7%0.7%AnecdotalSitewide 5.2%Topic 1.3%1.3%Quote-first MisdirectionSitewide 0.0%Topic 3.0%3.0%

Sitewide departure map

Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often

0.0%0.0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%Framing Effect: Topic 7.4%, sitewide 26.9%Negativity Bias: Topic 4.7%, sitewide 19.2%Appeal to Emotion: Topic 4.3%, sitewide 15.9%Appeal to Authority: Topic 3.3%, sitewide 11.1%Availability Heuristic: Topic 2.0%, sitewide 9.1%Biased Writer Voice: Topic 8.3%, sitewide 5.3%Hasty Generalization: Topic 1.8%, sitewide 8.1%Halo Effect: Topic 7.4%, sitewide 6.7%Optimism Bias: Topic 1.3%, sitewide 6.0%Anecdotal: Topic 1.3%, sitewide 5.2%Overconfidence Bias: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 4.6%Self-Serving Bias: Topic 3.7%, sitewide 3.7%Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 0.6%, sitewide 3.3%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 3.1%Quote-first Misdirection: Topic 3.0%, sitewide 0.0%Recency Bias: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 2.7%Unattributed Quote: Topic 2.6%, sitewide 1.1%Bandwagon: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 2.2%Ambiguity (Equivocation): Topic 2.2%, sitewide 0.8%Status Quo Bias: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 2.2%Representativeness Heuristic: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 1.9%Pessimism Bias: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 1.9%Begging the Question: Topic 0.9%, sitewide 1.7%Politically Right Leaning Bias: Topic 1.7%, sitewide 1.4%Framing EffectSitewide rateTopic rate

Analyzed articles and videos