Author summary
0% 1 analyzed article/video
BS Summary: These Ralph Leonard results contain 23 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Authority , Framing Effect , and Ambiguity (Equivocation) , with Hasty Generalization as the most egregious example at 19.8% saturation with 173 hits . Analysis detected 1,186 faulty-reasoning hits from 872 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 0% and a BS Rank of 0% (0 of 6,519 authors). This Ralph Leonard is better (less manipulative) than 100.00% of the peer group. Ralph Leonard
Author details
Total words: 872
Article count: 1
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
0% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 0.0% percentile 0.0% BS Score1 analyzed articles872 analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 12.2% 12.2% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 3.0% 3.0% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 7.3% 7.3% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Author 19.8% 19.8% Ambiguity (Equivocation) Sitewide 0.8% Author 11.0% 11.0% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 2.1% 2.1% Indoctrination Sitewide 0.0% Author 6.7% 6.7% Primacy Effect Sitewide 0.9% Author 4.9% 4.9% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide 5.3% Author 9.3% 9.3% Quote-first Misdirection Sitewide 0.0% Author 3.4% 3.4% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 12.2%, sitewide 26.9% Hasty Generalization: Author 19.8%, sitewide 8.1% Negativity Bias: Author 7.3%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 3.0%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 14.4%, sitewide 11.1% Ambiguity (Equivocation): Author 11.0%, sitewide 0.8% Biased Writer Voice: Author 9.3%, sitewide 5.3% Availability Heuristic: Author 2.1%, sitewide 9.1% Overconfidence Bias: Author 7.9%, sitewide 4.6% Halo Effect: Author 4.7%, sitewide 6.7% Indoctrination: Author 6.7%, sitewide 0.0% Optimism Bias: Author 3.0%, sitewide 6.0% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 5.3%, sitewide 3.3% Anchoring Bias: Author 4.9%, sitewide 4.0% Primacy Effect: Author 4.9%, sitewide 0.9% Unattributed Quote: Author 4.0%, sitewide 1.1% Quote-first Misdirection: Author 3.4%, sitewide 0.0% False Dilemma: Author 3.2%, sitewide 1.5% Status Quo Bias: Author 3.0%, sitewide 2.2% Recency Bias: Author 1.4%, sitewide 2.7% Representativeness Heuristic: Author 1.7%, sitewide 1.9% Pessimism Bias: Author 1.4%, sitewide 1.9% Begging the Question: Author 1.4%, sitewide 1.7% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst