Author summary
10% 1 analyzed article/video 1,115 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Mark DeGraff results contain 22 faulty reasoning types, including Optimism Bias , Pessimism Bias , and Post Hoc (False Cause) , with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 7.6% saturation with 338 hits . Analysis detected 1,216 faulty-reasoning hits from 4,460 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 1.2% and a BS Rank of 11% (7,381 of 8,294 authors). This Mark DeGraff is better (less manipulative) than 89.00% of the peer group. Mark DeGraff
Author details
Total words: 4,460
Article count: 1
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
11% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 11.0% percentile 1.2% BS Score1 analyzed articles4.5K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 1.3% 1.3% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 7.6% 7.6% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 1.3% 1.3% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 0.7% 0.7% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Author 0.4% 0.4% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Author 0.5% 0.5% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide 5.3% Author 0.4% 0.4% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Author 0.7% 0.7% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Author 3.3% 3.3% Self-Serving Bias Sitewide 3.7% Author 1.3% 1.3% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 1.3%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 7.6%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Authority: Author 1.3%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 0.7%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Author 0.4%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 0.5%, sitewide 7.5% Optimism Bias: Author 3.3%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Author 0.4%, sitewide 5.3% Overconfidence Bias: Author 0.7%, sitewide 4.6% Self-Serving Bias: Author 1.3%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 1.8%, sitewide 3.3% Recency Bias: Author 0.4%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Author 0.6%, sitewide 2.5% Status Quo Bias: Author 0.3%, sitewide 2.2% Representativeness Heuristic: Author 0.7%, sitewide 1.9% Pessimism Bias: Author 1.9%, sitewide 1.9% Slippery Slope: Author 0.7%, sitewide 1.7% False Dilemma: Author 1.0%, sitewide 1.5% Middle Ground: Author 1.3%, sitewide 0.1% Unattributed Quote: Author 0.3%, sitewide 1.1% Quote-first Misdirection: Author 0.6%, sitewide 0.0% Appeal to Nature: Author 0.3%, sitewide 0.2% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst