Author summary
75% 20 analyzed articles/videos 7,158 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Erum Salam results contain 52 faulty reasoning types, including Framing Effect , Appeal to Emotion , and Biased Writer Voice , with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 15.6% saturation with 5,698 hits . Analysis detected 45,156 faulty-reasoning hits from 36,610 analyzed words across 20 articles, generating a BS Score of 2.4% and a BS Rank of 43% (3,533 of 6,194 authors). This Erum Salam is better (less manipulative) than 57.00% of the peer group. Erum Salam
Author details
Total words: 36,610
Article count: 20
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
43% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 43.0% percentile 2.4% BS Score20 analyzed articles36.6K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 13.7% 13.7% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 9.4% 9.4% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 3.2% 3.2% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 5.7% 5.7% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 15.6% 15.6% Anecdotal Sitewide 5.2% Author 1.7% 1.7% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Author 3.2% 3.2% Anchoring Bias Sitewide 4.0% Author 0.7% 0.7% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Author 2.7% 2.7% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Author 3.6% 3.6% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 13.7%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 15.6%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 9.4%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 5.7%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 3.2%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Author 5.4%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 4.2%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Author 3.6%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Author 3.2%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Author 2.7%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Author 5.9%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Author 1.7%, sitewide 5.2% Ad Hominem: Author 5.0%, sitewide 2.2% Overconfidence Bias: Author 1.4%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Author 0.7%, sitewide 4.0% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 4.0%, sitewide 3.3% Self-Serving Bias: Author 3.0%, sitewide 3.7% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Author 1.8%, sitewide 3.1% Fundamental Attribution Error: Author 2.4%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Author 1.7%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Author 0.3%, sitewide 2.5% Politically Left Leaning Bias: Author 2.5%, sitewide 2.0% Quote-first Misdirection: Author 2.4%, sitewide 0.0% Burden of Proof: Author 2.4%, sitewide 0.4% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst