Topic summary
60% 5 analyzed articles/videos 4,020 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Urban Infrastructure results contain 44 faulty reasoning types, including Anecdotal , Framing Effect , and Appeal to Emotion , with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 8.9% saturation with 1,741 hits . Analysis detected 15,587 faulty-reasoning hits from 19,611 analyzed words across 5 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.8% and a BS Rank of 17% (13,584 of 16,313 topics). This Urban Infrastructure is better (less manipulative) than 83.30% of the peer group. Urban Infrastructure
Topic details
Total words: 19,611
Article count: 5
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
17% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 16.7% percentile 1.8% BS Score5 analyzed articles19.6K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 5.4% 5.4% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 5.2% 5.2% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 8.9% 8.9% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Topic 0.4% 0.4% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 4.7% 4.7% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Topic 0.8% 0.8% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Topic 1.9% 1.9% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 4.8% 4.8% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Topic 1.1% 1.1% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Topic 2.5% 2.5% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 5.4%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 8.9%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 5.2%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Topic 4.7%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Topic 4.8%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Topic 5.0%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 1.9%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 2.5%, sitewide 6.0% Anecdotal: Topic 6.0%, sitewide 5.2% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 5.0%, sitewide 5.3% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 3.2%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 0.1%, sitewide 3.1% Status Quo Bias: Topic 3.0%, sitewide 2.2% Indoctrination: Topic 2.9%, sitewide 0.0% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Topic 1.2%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Topic 2.5%, sitewide 2.5% Bandwagon: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 2.2% Politically Left Leaning Bias: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 2.0% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst