Topic summary
0% 1 analyzed article/video
BS Summary: These State Constitution results contain 21 faulty reasoning types, including Quote-first Misdirection , Ambiguity (Equivocation) , and Self-Serving Bias , with Appeal to Authority as the most egregious example at 5.7% saturation with 82 hits . Analysis detected 877 faulty-reasoning hits from 1,448 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 0% and a BS Rank of 0% (0 of 16,562 topics). This State Constitution is better (less manipulative) than 100.00% of the peer group. State Constitution
Topic details
Total words: 1,448
Article count: 1
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
0% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 0.0% percentile 0.0% BS Score1 analyzed articles1.4K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 3.3% 3.3% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 2.9% 2.9% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 2.7% 2.7% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 0.4% 0.4% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Topic 1.1% 1.1% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 5.7% 5.7% Quote-first Misdirection Sitewide 0.0% Topic 5.1% 5.1% Ambiguity (Equivocation) Sitewide 0.8% Topic 4.7% 4.7% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Topic 3.8% 3.8% Anecdotal Sitewide 5.2% Topic 2.7% 2.7% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 3.3%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 2.9%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 2.7%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Topic 5.7%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 3.8%, sitewide 7.5% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 3.7%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Topic 2.7%, sitewide 5.2% Quote-first Misdirection: Topic 5.1%, sitewide 0.0% Ambiguity (Equivocation): Topic 4.7%, sitewide 0.8% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 4.7%, sitewide 3.7% Begging the Question: Topic 3.3%, sitewide 1.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 1.1%, sitewide 3.3% Hindsight Bias: Topic 3.0%, sitewide 1.4% Loss Aversion: Topic 2.9%, sitewide 2.5% Unattributed Quote: Topic 2.7%, sitewide 1.1% Recency Bias: Topic 2.2%, sitewide 2.7% Burden of Proof: Topic 2.0%, sitewide 0.4% False Dilemma: Topic 1.4%, sitewide 1.5% Primacy Effect: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 0.9% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst