Topic summary
⁠0%1 analyzed article/video
BS Summary: These City Administration results contain 19 faulty reasoning types, including Framing Effect, Confirmation Bias, and Appeal to Authority, with Halo Effect as the most egregious example at 40.9% saturation with 654 hits. Analysis detected 2,459 faulty-reasoning hits from 1,599 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 0% and a BS Rank of ⁠0% (0 of 16,562 topics). This City Administration is better (less manipulative) than 100.00% of the peer group.
City Administration
Topic details
Total words: 1,599
Article count: 1
Authors

Ranking context

Position among analyzed topics

0% percentile
02550751000.0% percentile
0.0% BS Score1 analyzed articles1.6K analyzed words

Reasoning profile

Selected profile versus the sitewide rate

TopicSitewideShared scale 0–50%
0.0%10%20%30%40%50%Halo EffectSitewide 6.7%Topic 40.9%40.9%Negativity BiasSitewide 19.2%Topic 1.2%1.2%Confirmation BiasSitewide 7.5%Topic 18.1%18.1%Appeal to EmotionSitewide 15.9%Topic 5.5%5.5%Availability HeuristicSitewide 9.1%Topic 0.8%0.8%Unattributed QuoteSitewide 1.1%Topic 8.7%8.7%Framing EffectSitewide 26.9%Topic 19.7%19.7%IndoctrinationSitewide 0.0%Topic 7.1%7.1%Biased Writer VoiceSitewide 5.3%Topic 12.4%12.4%Optimism BiasSitewide 6.0%Topic 0.8%0.8%

Sitewide departure map

Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often

0.0%0.0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%Halo Effect: Topic 40.9%, sitewide 6.7%Framing Effect: Topic 19.7%, sitewide 26.9%Negativity Bias: Topic 1.2%, sitewide 19.2%Confirmation Bias: Topic 18.1%, sitewide 7.5%Appeal to Emotion: Topic 5.5%, sitewide 15.9%Appeal to Authority: Topic 14.3%, sitewide 11.1%Biased Writer Voice: Topic 12.4%, sitewide 5.3%Availability Heuristic: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 9.1%Unattributed Quote: Topic 8.7%, sitewide 1.1%Hasty Generalization: Topic 5.5%, sitewide 8.1%Indoctrination: Topic 7.1%, sitewide 0.0%In-Group Bias: Topic 4.4%, sitewide 6.9%Optimism Bias: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 6.0%Primacy Effect: Topic 5.5%, sitewide 0.9%Anecdotal: Topic 1.3%, sitewide 5.2%Bandwagon: Topic 4.4%, sitewide 2.2%Recency Bias: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 2.7%Quote-first Misdirection: Topic 0.9%, sitewide 0.0%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 0.5%Halo EffectSitewide rateTopic rate

Analyzed articles and videos