Author summary
0% 3 analyzed articles/videos 4,075 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Kenneth Chang results contain 34 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias , Biased Writer Voice , and Halo Effect , with Optimism Bias as the most egregious example at 9.8% saturation with 1,602 hits . Analysis detected 6,813 faulty-reasoning hits from 16,300 analyzed words across 3 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.2% and a BS Rank of 5% (6,315 of 6,628 authors). This Kenneth Chang is better (less manipulative) than 95.30% of the peer group. Kenneth Chang
Author details
Total words: 16,300
Article count: 3
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
5% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 4.7% percentile 1.2% BS Score3 analyzed articles16.3K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 2.4% 2.4% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 3.5% 3.5% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 2.3% 2.3% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 1.9% 1.9% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 1.5% 1.5% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Author 0.6% 0.6% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Author 1.4% 1.4% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Author 0.9% 0.9% Anecdotal Sitewide 5.2% Author 0.2% 0.2% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Author 2.6% 2.6% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 2.4%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 3.5%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 2.3%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 1.9%, sitewide 11.1% Optimism Bias: Author 9.8%, sitewide 6.0% Availability Heuristic: Author 1.5%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Author 1.4%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 0.6%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Author 0.9%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Author 2.6%, sitewide 6.7% Biased Writer Voice: Author 3.3%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Author 0.2%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Author 1.6%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Author 0.8%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Author 0.1%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 1.1%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Author 0.5%, sitewide 3.1% Recency Bias: Author 0.3%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Author 0.1%, sitewide 2.5% Status Quo Bias: Author 0.4%, sitewide 2.2% Representativeness Heuristic: Author 0.5%, sitewide 1.9% Pessimism Bias: Author 0.3%, sitewide 1.9% False Dilemma: Author 0.6%, sitewide 1.5% Hindsight Bias: Author 0.4%, sitewide 1.4% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst