Author summary
67% 1 analyzed article/video 368 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Keith Spera results contain 16 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Emotion , Unattributed Quote , and Optimism Bias , with Halo Effect as the most egregious example at 20.4% saturation with 225 hits . Analysis detected 916 faulty-reasoning hits from 1,104 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 5.2% and a BS Rank of 84% (1,063 of 6,629 authors). This Keith Spera is worse (more manipulative) than 84.00% of the peer group. Keith Spera
Author details
Total words: 1,104
Article count: 1
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
84% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 84.0% percentile 5.2% BS Score1 analyzed articles1.1K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 4.6% 4.6% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 1.4% 1.4% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Author 20.4% 20.4% Unattributed Quote Sitewide 1.1% Author 8.9% 8.9% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 1.4% 1.4% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 4.8% 4.8% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 12.1% 12.1% Attempt to Sell a Product… Sitewide 0.5% Author 3.2% 3.2% Primacy Effect Sitewide 0.9% Author 2.4% 2.4% Begging the Question Sitewide 1.7% Author 3.2% 3.2% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 4.6%, sitewide 26.9% Halo Effect: Author 20.4%, sitewide 6.7% Negativity Bias: Author 1.4%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 12.1%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 4.8%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 1.4%, sitewide 9.1% Unattributed Quote: Author 8.9%, sitewide 1.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 6.3%, sitewide 7.5% Optimism Bias: Author 7.3%, sitewide 6.0% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 2.4%, sitewide 3.3% Attempt to Sell a Product or Service: Author 3.2%, sitewide 0.5% Begging the Question: Author 3.2%, sitewide 1.7% Recency Bias: Author 1.5%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Author 1.6%, sitewide 2.5% Primacy Effect: Author 2.4%, sitewide 0.9% Quote-first Misdirection: Author 1.4%, sitewide 0.0% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst