Author summary
19% 1 analyzed article/video 951 analyzed words
BS Summary: These APA Division 15 results contain 25 faulty reasoning types, including Indoctrination , Optimism Bias , and Hasty Generalization , with Appeal to Authority as the most egregious example at 8.6% saturation with 328 hits . Analysis detected 2,282 faulty-reasoning hits from 3,804 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 2.4% and a BS Rank of 45% (3,679 of 6,629 authors). This APA Division 15 is better (less manipulative) than 55.50% of the peer group. APA Division 15
Author details
Total words: 3,804
Article count: 1
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
45% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 44.5% percentile 2.4% BS Score1 analyzed articles3.8K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 3.2% 3.2% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 1.9% 1.9% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 2.6% 2.6% Indoctrination Sitewide 0.0% Author 8.6% 8.6% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 1.7% 1.7% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Author 0.6% 0.6% Anecdotal Sitewide 5.2% Author 0.4% 0.4% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Author 2.0% 2.0% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Author 0.8% 0.8% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 8.6% 8.6% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 3.2%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 1.9%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 2.6%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 8.6%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 1.7%, sitewide 9.1% Indoctrination: Author 8.6%, sitewide 0.0% Hasty Generalization: Author 7.0%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 0.6%, sitewide 7.5% Optimism Bias: Author 7.3%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Author 7.0%, sitewide 5.3% Halo Effect: Author 2.0%, sitewide 6.7% Anecdotal: Author 0.4%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Author 0.8%, sitewide 4.6% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 1.5%, sitewide 3.3% Recency Bias: Author 0.4%, sitewide 2.7% Bandwagon: Author 0.3%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Author 0.3%, sitewide 2.2% Begging the Question: Author 1.7%, sitewide 1.7% Slippery Slope: Author 0.7%, sitewide 1.7% False Dilemma: Author 0.5%, sitewide 1.5% Attempt to Sell a Product or Service: Author 1.4%, sitewide 0.5% Straw Man: Author 0.3%, sitewide 0.9% Primacy Effect: Author 0.3%, sitewide 0.9% Ambiguity (Equivocation): Author 0.6%, sitewide 0.8% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst