Gothamist78%

Death toll rises to 3 in Upper East Side Legionnaires’ disease outbreak 49%

By Phil Corso46%

7/20/2026, 12:11:18 AM

BS Summary: This article contains 15 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Emotion, Quote-first Misdirection, and Pessimism Bias, with Optimism Bias as the most egregious example at 18% saturation with 49 hits. Analysis detected 328 faulty-reasoning hits from 272 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 50% and a BS Rank of 49% (10,456 of 20,368 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 51.30% of the article peer group.

A third person has died in connection with the Legionnaires’ disease outbreak on Manhattan’s Upper East Side, city health officials said Sunday. 
The cluster has sickened 74 people, according to the city Health Department. 
Eight people remained hospitalized and 51 have been discharged from the hospital, officials said. 
Health Commissioner Dr. 
Alister Martin said officials have not identified anyone with new symptoms in more than a week and are not seeing concerning trends in emergency department data. 
The department, Martin said, believes the source of exposure has likely been eliminated after efforts to clean and disinfect cooling towers that tested positive. 
“It is with great sadness that I report a third person has died in connection with the Legionnaires’ disease community cluster on the Upper East Side,” Martin said in a statement. 
“Our hearts are with their family and friends as they mourn their loss.” 
The Health Department announced the first death in connection with the cluster on Friday and a second death on Saturday. 
Authorities have not released any additional information about the people who died. 
Officials said the outbreak is affecting three ZIP codes  10028, 10075 and 10128  covering parts of Carnegie Hill and Yorkville. 
Authorities said people who have spent time in those areas should seek medical attention if they develop flu-like symptoms, including cough, fever or difficulty breathing. 
Symptoms can appear up to 14 days after exposure. 
Legionnaires’ disease is a type of pneumonia caused by inhaling water vapor contaminated with Legionella bacteria. 
The disease is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 8.8%Phil Corso: 3.7%Gothamist: 2.7%Confirmation Bias8.8%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 1.5%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 8.1%Phil Corso: 3.5%Gothamist: 3.6%Availability Heuristic8.1%This article: 5.9%Phil Corso: 1.2%Gothamist: 1.1%Representativeness Heuristic5.9%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 2.0%Gothamist: 0.7%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 1.0%Gothamist: 1.2%Overconfidence Bias0.0%This article: 4.4%Phil Corso: 5.7%Gothamist: 8.4%Framing Effect4.4%This article: 9.2%Phil Corso: 0.8%Gothamist: 1.2%Loss Aversion9.2%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 1.1%Gothamist: 1.1%Status Quo Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 18.0%Phil Corso: 3.1%Gothamist: 3.6%Optimism Bias18.0%This article: 9.6%Phil Corso: 0.4%Gothamist: 1.7%Pessimism Bias9.6%This article: 4.4%Phil Corso: 5.5%Gothamist: 8.6%Negativity Bias4.4%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 5.8%Gothamist: 2.6%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 4.4%Phil Corso: 0.2%Gothamist: 1.0%Fundamental Attribution Error4.4%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.3%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 2.1%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.6%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 1.4%Gothamist: 2.1%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.9%Gothamist: 1.3%Recency Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 1.1%Gothamist: 0.4%Primacy Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.1%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 1.0%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Straw Man0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 4.5%Gothamist: 4.5%Appeal to Authority0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.2%Gothamist: 1.2%False Dilemma0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.8%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.1%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 2.1%Gothamist: 3.8%Hasty Generalization0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.5%Gothamist: 0.3%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 1.5%Gothamist: 0.8%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 16.2%Phil Corso: 10.7%Gothamist: 6.4%Appeal to Emotion16.2%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 1.1%Gothamist: 0.7%Begging the Question0.0%This article: 8.8%Phil Corso: 5.6%Gothamist: 2.4%Post Hoc (False Cause)8.8%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.1%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.7%Gothamist: 0.4%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.7%Gothamist: 2.8%Anecdotal0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.1%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.9%Gothamist: 1.2%Ambiguity (Equivocation)0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.3%Gothamist: 0.1%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 1.1%Phil Corso: 1.0%Gothamist: 1.2%Unattributed Quote1.1%This article: 11.4%Phil Corso: 2.0%Gothamist: 1.0%Quote-first Misdirection11.4%This article: 1.1%Phil Corso: 2.6%Gothamist: 3.2%Biased Writer Voice1.1%This article: 9.2%Phil Corso: 2.4%Gothamist: 1.6%Indoctrination9.2%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 1.0%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Phil Corso: 0.4%Gothamist: 1.1%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…0.0%

272 words analyzed.

Speakers

3speakers46%attributed speech146writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 0.0% coveragecity Health Department • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 100.0% coverageAlister Martin • 26 words • 0.0% coverageAlister Martin • 24 words • 0.0% coverageAlister Martin • 31 words • 100.0% coverageAlister Martin • 13 words • 0.0% coverageHealth Department • 20 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 25 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 16 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverage
Selected voice

Alister Martin

100%flagged-word coverage
94 attributed words75% of attributed speech79% writer coverage
0%17.5%35.0%Quote-first Misdirection+33.0 ptsWriter: 0.0%Alister Martin: 33.0%33.0%Indoctrination-17.1 ptsWriter: 17.1%Alister Martin: 0.0%0.0%Unattributed Quote-2.1 ptsWriter: 2.1%Alister Martin: 0.0%0.0%Biased Writer Voice-2.1 ptsWriter: 2.1%Alister Martin: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.