Author summary
0% 5 analyzed articles/videos 3,986 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Paul Waldman results contain 49 faulty reasoning types, including Biased Writer Voice , Appeal to Emotion , and Hasty Generalization , with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 24.6% saturation with 4,367 hits . Analysis detected 34,601 faulty-reasoning hits from 17,731 analyzed words across 5 articles, generating a BS Score of 4% and a BS Rank of 75% (1,603 of 6,316 authors). This Paul Waldman is worse (more manipulative) than 74.60% of the peer group. Paul Waldman
Author details
Total words: 17,731
Article count: 5
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
75% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 74.6% percentile 4.0% BS Score5 analyzed articles17.7K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 10.0% 10.0% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide 5.3% Author 21.6% 21.6% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 3.0% 3.0% Politically Left Leaning … Sitewide 2.0% Author 9.4% 9.4% Ad Hominem Sitewide 2.2% Author 9.2% 9.2% Indoctrination Sitewide 0.0% Author 5.8% 5.8% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 24.6% 24.6% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 4.5% 4.5% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Author 3.4% 3.4% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Author 11.4% 11.4% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 10.0%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 24.6%, sitewide 19.2% Biased Writer Voice: Author 21.6%, sitewide 5.3% Appeal to Emotion: Author 13.3%, sitewide 15.9% Hasty Generalization: Author 11.4%, sitewide 8.1% Appeal to Authority: Author 3.0%, sitewide 11.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 9.8%, sitewide 7.5% Politically Left Leaning Bias: Author 9.4%, sitewide 2.0% Ad Hominem: Author 9.2%, sitewide 2.2% Availability Heuristic: Author 4.5%, sitewide 9.1% In-Group Bias: Author 4.3%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Author 3.4%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Author 3.2%, sitewide 6.0% Indoctrination: Author 5.8%, sitewide 0.0% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 5.7%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Author 5.4%, sitewide 3.1% Anecdotal: Author 2.4%, sitewide 5.2% Pessimism Bias: Author 4.9%, sitewide 1.9% Overconfidence Bias: Author 3.5%, sitewide 4.6% Fundamental Attribution Error: Author 4.2%, sitewide 2.7% Anchoring Bias: Author 1.6%, sitewide 4.0% Slippery Slope: Author 3.9%, sitewide 1.7% Straw Man: Author 3.7%, sitewide 0.9% Self-Serving Bias: Author 0.4%, sitewide 3.7% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst