Author summary
â 20% 3 analyzed articles/videos 2,372 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Paul Kiefer results contain 34 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias , Appeal to Emotion , and Appeal to Authority , with Framing Effect as the most egregious example at 6.7% saturation with 614 hits . Analysis detected 4,929 faulty-reasoning hits from 9,113 analyzed words across 3 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.6% and a BS Rank of â 16% (5,265 of 6,215 authors). This Paul Kiefer is better (less manipulative) than 84.70% of the peer group. Paul Kiefer
Author details
Total words: 9,113
Article count: 3
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
15% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 15.3% percentile 1.6% BS Score3 analyzed articles9.1K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0â50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 6.7% 6.7% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 5.0% 5.0% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 3.3% 3.3% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 3.2% 3.2% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Author 0.6% 0.6% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 2.2% 2.2% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Author 1.4% 1.4% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Author 0.3% 0.3% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Author 1.4% 1.4% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Author 0.8% 0.8% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 6.7%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 5.0%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 3.3%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 3.2%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 2.2%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Author 1.4%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 0.6%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Author 0.3%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Author 1.4%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Author 0.8%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Author 1.7%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Author 1.4%, sitewide 5.2% Anchoring Bias: Author 1.5%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Author 2.6%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 2.3%, sitewide 3.3% Loss Aversion: Author 3.1%, sitewide 2.5% Fundamental Attribution Error: Author 0.5%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Author 2.2%, sitewide 2.7% Attempt to Sell a Product or Service: Author 2.3%, sitewide 0.5% Bandwagon: Author 0.7%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Author 0.9%, sitewide 2.2% Pessimism Bias: Author 2.2%, sitewide 1.9% Ad Hominem: Author 0.2%, sitewide 2.2% Quote-first Misdirection: Author 2.0%, sitewide 0.0% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst