Author summary
0% 1 analyzed article/video
BS Summary: These Gemma Karstens-Smith results contain 18 faulty reasoning types, including In-Group Bias , Halo Effect , and Optimism Bias , with Appeal to Emotion as the most egregious example at 11.9% saturation with 370 hits . Analysis detected 1,572 faulty-reasoning hits from 3,100 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 0% and a BS Rank of 0% (0 of 6,628 authors). This Gemma Karstens-Smith is better (less manipulative) than 100.00% of the peer group. Gemma Karstens-Smith
Author details
Total words: 3,100
Article count: 1
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
0% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 0.0% percentile 0.0% BS Score1 analyzed articles3.1K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 1.0% 1.0% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 2.1% 2.1% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 1.8% 1.8% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 3.5% 3.5% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 11.9% 11.9% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Author 1.2% 1.2% Anecdotal Sitewide 5.2% Author 1.8% 1.8% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Author 3.6% 3.6% Post Hoc (False Cause) Sitewide 3.3% Author 1.0% 1.0% Recency Bias Sitewide 2.7% Author 0.9% 0.9% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 1.0%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 2.1%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 11.9%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 1.8%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 3.5%, sitewide 9.1% In-Group Bias: Author 8.7%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Author 7.9%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Author 3.6%, sitewide 6.0% Anecdotal: Author 1.8%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Author 1.2%, sitewide 4.6% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 1.0%, sitewide 3.3% Recency Bias: Author 0.9%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Author 2.0%, sitewide 2.5% Pessimism Bias: Author 0.3%, sitewide 1.9% False Dilemma: Author 0.5%, sitewide 1.5% Hindsight Bias: Author 0.6%, sitewide 1.4% Unattributed Quote: Author 1.0%, sitewide 1.1% Quote-first Misdirection: Author 0.8%, sitewide 0.0% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst