Author summary
96% 1 analyzed article/video 1,178 analyzed words
BS Summary: These David A. Graham results contain 32 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias , Confirmation Bias , and Politically Left Leaning Bias , with Biased Writer Voice as the most egregious example at 50% saturation with 1,766 hits . Analysis detected 6,385 faulty-reasoning hits from 3,534 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 5.6% and a BS Rank of 86% (895 of 6,353 authors). This David A. Graham is worse (more manipulative) than 85.90% of the peer group. David A. Graham
Author details
Total words: 3,534
Article count: 1
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
86% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 85.9% percentile 5.6% BS Score1 analyzed articles3.5K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–75%
0.0% 20% 40% 60% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide 5.3% Author 50.0% 50.0% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 3.3% 3.3% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 4.4% 4.4% Politically Left Leaning … Sitewide 2.0% Author 12.1% 12.1% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 1.4% 1.4% Ad Hominem Sitewide 2.2% Author 8.6% 8.6% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Author 13.8% 13.8% Unattributed Quote Sitewide 1.1% Author 6.4% 6.4% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Author 0.9% 0.9% Pessimism Bias Sitewide 1.9% Author 6.5% 6.5% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 20% 20% 40% 40% 60% 60% Biased Writer Voice: Author 50.0%, sitewide 5.3% Framing Effect: Author 3.3%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 21.8%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 4.4%, sitewide 15.9% Confirmation Bias: Author 13.8%, sitewide 7.5% Politically Left Leaning Bias: Author 12.1%, sitewide 2.0% Appeal to Authority: Author 8.5%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 1.4%, sitewide 9.1% Ad Hominem: Author 8.6%, sitewide 2.2% Hasty Generalization: Author 6.7%, sitewide 8.1% In-Group Bias: Author 4.4%, sitewide 6.9% Pessimism Bias: Author 6.5%, sitewide 1.9% Unattributed Quote: Author 6.4%, sitewide 1.1% Optimism Bias: Author 0.9%, sitewide 6.0% Fundamental Attribution Error: Author 4.8%, sitewide 2.7% Overconfidence Bias: Author 0.5%, sitewide 4.6% Ambiguity (Equivocation): Author 4.0%, sitewide 0.8% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 3.7%, sitewide 3.3% Begging the Question: Author 3.4%, sitewide 1.7% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Author 0.8%, sitewide 3.1% Recency Bias: Author 2.4%, sitewide 2.7% Quote-first Misdirection: Author 2.4%, sitewide 0.0% Indoctrination: Author 2.2%, sitewide 0.0% Status Quo Bias: Author 0.4%, sitewide 2.2% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst