BS Summary: This article contains 29 faulty reasoning types, including Hasty Generalization, Biased Writer Voice, and Pessimism Bias, with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 37.5% saturation with 357 hits. Analysis detected 2,082 faulty-reasoning hits from 952 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 51.5% and a BS Rank of ⁠53% (10,477 of 21,887 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 52.10% of the article peer group.

TheĀ 2026Ā FIFAĀ WorldĀ CupĀ isĀ theĀ largestĀ sportingĀ eventĀ inĀ history.Ā 
It’sĀ alsoĀ theĀ mostĀ surveilledĀ WorldĀ CupĀ ever.Ā 
IfĀ you’reĀ visitingĀ orĀ travelingĀ aroundĀ hostĀ cities,Ā thenĀ youĀ andĀ yourĀ face,Ā behavior,Ā movementĀ andĀ devicesĀ areĀ beingĀ monitoredĀ byĀ governmentsĀ andĀ privateĀ companies.Ā 
TheĀ U.S.Ā governmentĀ funneledĀ moreĀ thanĀ US$1Ā billionĀ toĀ WorldĀ CupĀ securityĀ toĀ protectĀ transitĀ hubs,Ā stadiumsĀ andĀ surroundingĀ areas;Ā improveĀ tacticalĀ operationsĀ suchĀ asĀ bombĀ squadsĀ andĀ SWATĀ teams;Ā andĀ addĀ andĀ upgradeĀ equipment.Ā 
It’sĀ beenĀ aĀ bonanzaĀ forĀ theĀ privateĀ sector.Ā 
MuchĀ ofĀ theĀ investmentĀ inĀ surveillanceĀ wasĀ doneĀ inĀ theĀ nameĀ ofĀ preventingĀ harmĀ fromĀ unauthorizedĀ droneĀ use.Ā 
Indeed,Ā protectingĀ againstĀ thatĀ threatĀ isĀ helpingĀ fuelĀ theĀ rapidlyĀ expandingĀ government-privateĀ sectorĀ partnershipĀ inĀ surveillanceĀ technologyĀ developmentĀ andĀ acquisition,Ā whichĀ posesĀ aĀ differentĀ risk – toĀ privacy.Ā 
AsĀ anĀ attorney,Ā authorĀ andĀ educatorĀ whoĀ hasĀ workedĀ forĀ decadesĀ inĀ privacyĀ andĀ surveillance,Ā I’veĀ advisedĀ lawĀ enforcementĀ aboutĀ usingĀ dronesĀ andĀ understandĀ thatĀ securityĀ isĀ criticalĀ toĀ keepingĀ peopleĀ safe.Ā 
TheĀ argumentĀ forĀ security,Ā however,Ā isĀ tooĀ oftenĀ theĀ catalystĀ toĀ fund,Ā developĀ andĀ increaseĀ governmentĀ surveillanceĀ capabilitiesĀ thatĀ erodeĀ civilĀ liberties,Ā chillĀ speechĀ andĀ undermineĀ freedomĀ ofĀ association.Ā 
AndĀ inĀ myĀ experience,Ā surveillance-friendlyĀ policiesĀ andĀ techĀ systems,Ā onceĀ inĀ place,Ā rarelyĀ goĀ away.Ā 
PoliceĀ areĀ usingĀ camera-equippedĀ roboticĀ dogsĀ toĀ patrolĀ aroundĀ WorldĀ CupĀ stadiumsĀ inĀ DallasĀ andĀ inĀ EastĀ Rutherford,Ā N.J.,Ā asĀ wellĀ asĀ inĀ Monterrey,Ā Mexico.Ā 
Cameras,Ā dronesĀ andĀ AIĀ 
TheĀ levelĀ ofĀ surveillanceĀ aroundĀ thisĀ WorldĀ CupĀ andĀ changesĀ inĀ U.S.Ā lawĀ andĀ immigrationĀ policiesĀ promptedĀ overĀ 120Ā civilĀ societyĀ groups – includingĀ AmnestyĀ InternationalĀ andĀ theĀ AmericanĀ CivilĀ LibertiesĀ Union – toĀ issueĀ aĀ travelĀ advisory.Ā 
TheyĀ warnĀ thatĀ peopleĀ visitingĀ theĀ U.S.Ā mayĀ beĀ subjectĀ toĀ harmsĀ thatĀ breachĀ theĀ country’sĀ legalĀ humanĀ rightsĀ obligations.Ā 
ThatĀ advisoryĀ listsĀ risksĀ ofĀ invasiveĀ socialĀ mediaĀ screening,Ā searchesĀ ofĀ electronicĀ devices,Ā racialĀ profiling,Ā arrest,Ā detention,Ā deportationĀ andĀ evenĀ death.Ā 
EuropeanĀ governmentsĀ haveĀ issuedĀ travelĀ advisoriesĀ warningĀ ofĀ surveillanceĀ andĀ profilingĀ asĀ well.Ā 
AI-drivenĀ surveillanceĀ isĀ playingĀ aĀ majorĀ roleĀ acrossĀ theĀ WorldĀ Cup.Ā 
TheĀ stadiumsĀ inĀ hostĀ citiesĀ areĀ equippedĀ withĀ facialĀ recognitionĀ camerasĀ thatĀ canĀ collectĀ andĀ analyzeĀ facialĀ biometricsĀ ofĀ peopleĀ inĀ andĀ aroundĀ theĀ stadiums.Ā 
ThatĀ dataĀ canĀ beĀ retainedĀ andĀ usedĀ inĀ futureĀ ways,Ā unknownĀ andĀ uncontrolledĀ byĀ thoseĀ whoseĀ biometricĀ dataĀ hasĀ beenĀ collected.Ā 
TheĀ proliferationĀ ofĀ facialĀ recognitionĀ atĀ eventsĀ reflectsĀ aĀ broaderĀ globalĀ trendĀ normalizingĀ biometricĀ surveillanceĀ asĀ theseĀ systemsĀ expandĀ acrossĀ cities.Ā 
ManyĀ states,Ā likeĀ NewĀ York,Ā areĀ usingĀ federalĀ fundingĀ forĀ WorldĀ CupĀ securityĀ toĀ increaseĀ theĀ number,Ā capabilitiesĀ andĀ useĀ ofĀ dronesĀ byĀ lawĀ enforcement.Ā 
DronesĀ areĀ remarkablyĀ capableĀ andĀ powerfulĀ surveillanceĀ toolsĀ easyĀ toĀ loadĀ withĀ cameras,Ā microphones,Ā advancedĀ sensorsĀ andĀ weapons.Ā 
AI-supportedĀ autonomousĀ softwareĀ allowsĀ dronesĀ toĀ monitorĀ areas,Ā trackĀ movementĀ andĀ gatherĀ intelligence.Ā 
TheĀ dronesĀ canĀ beĀ powerfulĀ enoughĀ toĀ scanĀ entireĀ citiesĀ orĀ zoomĀ inĀ andĀ readĀ aĀ milkĀ cartonĀ fromĀ 60,000Ā feetĀ (18,288Ā meters).Ā 
TheyĀ canĀ carryĀ technologyĀ thatĀ allowsĀ themĀ toĀ functionĀ likeĀ aĀ cellphoneĀ tower,Ā permittingĀ lawĀ enforcementĀ toĀ determineĀ yourĀ locationĀ orĀ interceptĀ textsĀ andĀ phoneĀ calls.Ā 
CitywideĀ droneĀ networksĀ couldĀ becomeĀ theĀ newĀ normal.Ā 
CamerasĀ areĀ proliferatingĀ onĀ theĀ ground,Ā asĀ well.Ā 
RobotĀ dogsĀ equippedĀ withĀ camerasĀ areĀ prowlingĀ inĀ DallasĀ andĀ NewĀ Jersey.Ā 
AndĀ Seattle’sĀ mayorĀ decidedĀ toĀ turnĀ onĀ andĀ expandĀ aĀ majorĀ closed-circuitĀ televisionĀ systemĀ thatĀ hadĀ beenĀ previouslyĀ shutĀ downĀ becauseĀ ofĀ biometricĀ privacyĀ concerns.Ā 
WhileĀ Seattle’sĀ mayorĀ saidĀ thatĀ theĀ cityĀ isĀ refiningĀ itsĀ policiesĀ toĀ protectĀ theĀ surveillanceĀ data,Ā numerousĀ statesĀ andĀ cities – withĀ theĀ aidĀ ofĀ federalĀ fundingĀ relatedĀ toĀ WorldĀ CupĀ security — areĀ rapidlyĀ expandingĀ CCTVĀ systems.Ā 
SomeĀ CCTVĀ systemsĀ wereĀ installedĀ decadesĀ agoĀ inĀ majorĀ urban,Ā high-tourismĀ areas,Ā likeĀ NewĀ York’sĀ TimesĀ SquareĀ andĀ theĀ NationalĀ MallĀ inĀ WashingtonĀ D.C.Ā 
Today,Ā CCTVĀ systemsĀ coverĀ muchĀ greaterĀ areas,Ā andĀ withĀ advancesĀ inĀ artificialĀ intelligenceĀ software,Ā dataĀ analyticsĀ andĀ increasedĀ technicalĀ capabilities,Ā likeĀ thermalĀ imaging,Ā farĀ moreĀ informationĀ canĀ beĀ gleanedĀ fromĀ theĀ capturedĀ data.Ā 
CCTVĀ systemsĀ canĀ nowĀ detect,Ā identifyĀ andĀ classifyĀ objects,Ā peopleĀ andĀ evenĀ people’sĀ behavior.Ā 
GovernmentĀ dataĀ fusionĀ centersĀ canĀ mergeĀ thatĀ richĀ dataĀ withĀ otherĀ intelligenceĀ andĀ analyzeĀ itĀ toĀ identifyĀ individualsĀ andĀ revealĀ andĀ predictĀ patternsĀ andĀ behavior.Ā 
SurveillanceĀ travelingĀ intoĀ andĀ aroundĀ theĀ USĀ 
ProliferatingĀ governmentĀ useĀ ofĀ advancedĀ AIĀ surveillanceĀ toolsĀ isĀ justĀ oneĀ elementĀ ofĀ theĀ privacyĀ risk.Ā 
TheĀ absenceĀ ofĀ comprehensiveĀ dataĀ privacyĀ lawsĀ andĀ changesĀ inĀ U.S.Ā lawĀ andĀ executiveĀ policiesĀ aroundĀ immigrationĀ andĀ genderĀ makeĀ travelingĀ intoĀ andĀ aroundĀ theĀ UnitedĀ StatesĀ aĀ security,Ā safetyĀ andĀ privacyĀ risk.Ā 
OnĀ Sept.Ā 8,Ā 2025,Ā theĀ SupremeĀ CourtĀ issuedĀ aĀ rulingĀ thatĀ criticsĀ sayĀ permitsĀ racialĀ profilingĀ inĀ immigrationĀ enforcementĀ efforts.Ā 
Also,Ā PresidentĀ DonaldĀ TrumpĀ issuedĀ anĀ executiveĀ orderĀ aroundĀ genderĀ onĀ Jan.Ā 20,Ā 2025,Ā thatĀ mandatesĀ federalĀ agenciesĀ onlyĀ recognizeĀ maleĀ andĀ femaleĀ sexĀ markersĀ onĀ IDs.Ā 
EuropeanĀ nations,Ā includingĀ Germany,Ā haveĀ warnedĀ theirĀ transgenderĀ andĀ nonbinaryĀ citizensĀ thatĀ theyĀ mayĀ beĀ deniedĀ entryĀ toĀ theĀ U.S.Ā becauseĀ ofĀ theĀ directive.Ā 
Collectively,Ā theseĀ changesĀ affectĀ travelĀ logistics,Ā documentationĀ requirementsĀ andĀ borderĀ crossings.Ā 
WhatĀ happensĀ afterĀ theĀ games?Ā 
TheĀ realĀ testĀ isĀ whatĀ happensĀ afterĀ theĀ WorldĀ CupĀ endsĀ andĀ visitorsĀ goĀ home.Ā 
ThereĀ isĀ littleĀ oversightĀ orĀ governanceĀ aroundĀ theseĀ federallyĀ funded,Ā public-privateĀ surveillanceĀ techĀ partnerships.Ā 
It’sĀ difficultĀ forĀ theĀ publicĀ toĀ determineĀ whatĀ dataĀ isĀ beingĀ collected,Ā howĀ thatĀ dataĀ isĀ beingĀ used,Ā sharedĀ andĀ analyzed,Ā andĀ whatĀ willĀ happenĀ toĀ theseĀ systems,Ā partnershipsĀ andĀ dataĀ whenĀ theĀ finalĀ matchĀ concludes.Ā 
Federal,Ā stateĀ andĀ localĀ legislatorsĀ haveĀ anĀ opportunityĀ toĀ addressĀ muchĀ ofĀ thisĀ byĀ creatingĀ dataĀ privacyĀ andĀ AIĀ systemsĀ complianceĀ safeguardsĀ andĀ requiringĀ transparency,Ā butĀ inĀ myĀ view,Ā governanceĀ effortsĀ toĀ dateĀ don’tĀ bodeĀ well.Ā 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 8.6%Anne Toomey McKenna: 2.9%The Conversation: 3.0%Confirmation Bias8.6%This article: 3.5%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.9%The Conversation: 0.7%Anchoring Bias3.5%This article: 6.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 1.9%The Conversation: 2.7%Availability Heuristic6.0%This article: 2.2%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.6%The Conversation: 1.0%Representativeness Heuristic2.2%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 1.0%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 8.7%Anne Toomey McKenna: 3.2%The Conversation: 3.2%Overconfidence Bias8.7%This article: 13.1%Anne Toomey McKenna: 9.9%The Conversation: 5.3%Framing Effect13.1%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.4%Loss Aversion0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.5%Status Quo Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.2%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 0.8%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.2%The Conversation: 2.3%Optimism Bias0.8%This article: 13.3%Anne Toomey McKenna: 7.4%The Conversation: 1.8%Pessimism Bias13.3%This article: 37.5%Anne Toomey McKenna: 22.6%The Conversation: 6.1%Negativity Bias37.5%This article: 4.6%Anne Toomey McKenna: 1.2%The Conversation: 0.9%Self-Serving Bias4.6%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.8%Fundamental Attribution Error0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.1%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.7%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 2.6%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.7%The Conversation: 0.2%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias2.6%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 1.3%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.0%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 0.8%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.2%The Conversation: 1.1%Recency Bias0.8%This article: 0.5%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.1%The Conversation: 0.4%Primacy Effect0.5%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.1%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.4%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.5%Straw Man0.0%This article: 6.8%Anne Toomey McKenna: 3.4%The Conversation: 4.2%Appeal to Authority6.8%This article: 4.5%Anne Toomey McKenna: 1.9%The Conversation: 1.7%False Dilemma4.5%This article: 3.8%Anne Toomey McKenna: 3.8%The Conversation: 1.5%Slippery Slope3.8%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.1%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 17.2%Anne Toomey McKenna: 10.3%The Conversation: 4.8%Hasty Generalization17.2%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.1%Red Herring0.0%This article: 4.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 1.3%The Conversation: 0.6%Bandwagon4.0%This article: 8.3%Anne Toomey McKenna: 5.2%The Conversation: 2.5%Appeal to Emotion8.3%This article: 3.5%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.9%The Conversation: 0.9%Begging the Question3.5%This article: 8.6%Anne Toomey McKenna: 2.2%The Conversation: 2.9%Post Hoc (False Cause)8.6%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.0%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 1.5%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.4%The Conversation: 0.3%Burden of Proof1.5%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.6%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 6.8%Anne Toomey McKenna: 1.7%The Conversation: 0.6%Composition/Division6.8%This article: 10.4%Anne Toomey McKenna: 3.0%The Conversation: 1.9%Anecdotal10.4%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.1%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 13.3%Anne Toomey McKenna: 3.3%The Conversation: 2.0%Ambiguity (Equivocation)13.3%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.3%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.0%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 2.6%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.7%The Conversation: 0.1%Special Pleading2.6%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.1%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 4.7%Anne Toomey McKenna: 1.2%The Conversation: 1.5%Unattributed Quote4.7%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.6%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 16.2%Anne Toomey McKenna: 7.7%The Conversation: 6.0%Biased Writer Voice16.2%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.9%The Conversation: 2.1%Indoctrination0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 1.2%The Conversation: 1.3%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 0.0%The Conversation: 0.1%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 4.0%Anne Toomey McKenna: 1.0%The Conversation: 0.4%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…4.0%

952 words analyzed.

Speakers

7speakers21%attributed speech749writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 7 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 25 words • 100.0% coverageU.S. government • 35 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 28 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 32 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 29 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 25 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 38 words • 100.0% coverageAmerican Civil Liberties Union • 20 words • 0.0% coverageAmnesty International • 21 words • 0.0% coverageEuropean governments • 13 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 25 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 21 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 21 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 25 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 13 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 23 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 26 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 100.0% coverageSeattle’s mayor • 25 words • 100.0% coverageSeattle’s mayor • 38 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 24 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 33 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 25 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 16 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 33 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 100.0% coverageDonald Trump • 27 words • 0.0% coverageGermany • 24 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 36 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 36 words • 100.0% coverage
Selected voice

Seattle’s mayor

100%flagged-word coverage
63 attributed words31% of attributed speech85% writer coverage
0%20.0%40.0%Unattributed Quote+37.0 ptsWriter: 2.7%Seattle’s mayor: 39.7%39.7%Biased Writer Voice-20.6 ptsWriter: 20.6%Seattle’s mayor: 0.0%0.0%Attempt to Sell a Product -5.1 ptsWriter: 5.1%Seattle’s mayor: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.