BS Summary: This article contains 36 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias, Confirmation Bias, and Hasty Generalization, with Biased Writer Voice as the most egregious example at 41.5% saturation with 569 hits. Analysis detected 3,637 faulty-reasoning hits from 1,372 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 52.6% and a BS Rank of 54% (9,524 of 20,515 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 53.60% of the article peer group.

In Focus delivers deeper coverage of the political, cultural, and ideological issues shaping America. 
Published daily by senior writers and experts, these in-depth pieces go beyond the headlines to give readers the full picture. 
You can find our full list of In Focus pieces here. 
In a vast digital sea of outrage over Tuesday’s landmark Supreme Court ruling on birthright citizenship, the best take came, unsurprisingly, from the Washington Examiner’s editorial: “As stinging as this defeat may feel for many conservatives,” it said, “the outcome should be taken as a reason to refocus efforts on enforcing the law and passing new laws to tighten America’s borders, deport illegal immigrants, and let fewer temporary migrants into the country.” 
The constitutional door has closed. 
In 2022, the pro-life movement faced a similar transition in the aftermath not of a legal defeat but of its signature legal victory. 
Dobbs v. 
Jackson Women’s Health Organization found no constitutional right to an abortion and returned the issue to the states for popular resolution. 
After spending decades waging its battle against legalized abortion primarily in the court of law, the movement suddenly found itself fighting exclusively in the court of public approval. 
This meant the legal question of whether a constitutional right to abortion exists became secondary to the political question of whether abortion is something a decent society should permit. 
While they sound similar and are deeply related, answering them requires entirely different skill sets. 
The former demands astute legal minds who can combine constitutional expertise with knowledge of cutting-edge science  which increasingly favored the conclusion that life begins at conception. 
The latter, meanwhile, demands the storytelling ability and emotional intelligence of a missionary. 
The ends are the same, but the means are quite different. 
The pro-life movement’s failure to adjust accordingly and convince society of its position cost it dearly. 
Later that year, deep-red Kansas rejected a measure that would have said the state constitution does not protect abortion rights. 
The measure failed by nearly 20 points in a state Donald Trump had carried in the previous presidential election by 15. 
This raised a troubling question, which has yet to be resolved: If the pro-life movement couldn’t convince voters in one of the most Christian and conservative states in the nation, what chance did it have elsewhere? 
As it happened, very little. 
Five more states weighed in on abortion that year. 
California, Michigan, and Vermont enshrined abortion protections. 
Kentucky and Montana, reliably red states, rejected pro-life-backed restrictions. 
2023 and 2024 were much the same story. 
Ohio voted to codify abortion rights. 
Missouri overturned the state’s existing near-total abortion ban. 
Arizona added a “fundamental right to an abortion” to its state constitution. 
The comparison isn’t perfect: Immigration restrictionists, of course, won’t have to fight on 50 separate battlegrounds. 
But the fundamental transition required of the movements is the same. 
Success is no longer a matter of simply winning arguments. 
It’s about earning popular support. 
These goals sound similar but are not the same. 
Winning arguments can be done with data and logic alone. 
Winning popular support requires something more  not just convincing people you’re right, but making them want to stand alongside you. 
The question then isn’t merely “Is this side correct?” 
but also, “Does this feel right?” 
and “Can I envision myself on this team?” 
The law is impersonal. 
Politics, however, is personal  and requires a personal touch. 
On Tuesday, news of the birthright citizenship ruling elevated the issue in the public consciousness. 
This offered a precious moment for immigration restrictionists to begin pressing their political case. 
Could they succeed in winning the converts necessary to enact a political solution for their cause? 
Progressives, for their part, continued pushing the same political argument they’ve been making for decades: that even questioning whether people born on American soil are entitled to citizenship is inherently racist and xenophobic  and that anyone entertaining it is complicit in spreading moral evil. 
It’s not a legal argument, it’s a political one  as predictable as watching the pro-life movement get cast as a coalition of misogynistic men bent on “controlling women.” 
What wasn’t predictable was how thoroughly some prominent figures on the Right would go on to confirm this caricature. 
Consider what White House deputy chief of staff Stephen Miller, the Trump administration’s point man on immigration, had to say on Tuesday’s episode of Jesse Watters Primetime, the highest-rated show in primetime cable news: 
“Just physically being on U.S. soil does not make you a citizen or qualified to carry on or capable of executing the inheritance of this country,” Miller said. 
“We have people from all over the world from Third World nations, nations that on their own would have never invented the wheel, let alone modern technology, let alone medicine, let alone air travel.” 
The suggestion that certain people who have immigrated to the United States are so primitive as to be 5,500 years behind Americans goes well beyond the common  and defensible  nationalist argument that other cultures are incompatible with our own. 
Indeed, the comment crosses into a racial hierarchy argument that most Americans assumed had disappeared from official government rhetoric a century ago. 
Here, Miller isn’t making an argument about culture, assimilation, or law. 
He’s making an argument about racial fitness. 
It is a truly deplorable thing to say. 
And it was surely greeted by popping corks on the Democratic side  no opposition researcher could have scripted a more perfect confirmation of the caricature they’ve been selling for years. 
Elsewhere, Sean Davis, CEO and co-founder of the conservative news site the Federalist and another prominent immigration restrictionist, saw Miller’s racism and raised him a stack of sheer lunacy. 
In a lengthy post on X, he floated a list of “ways forward” that included forced sterilization of foreign visitors and “dissolution of the Union.” 
His post went viral almost immediately, shared by the likes of Jake Tapper, Krystal Ball, and other left-wing and progressive commentators who could barely contain their glee. 
The Claremont Institute’s Jeremy Carl, meanwhile, wrote a post implying that Justice Amy Coney Barrett’s two adopted children  who are Haitian  somehow compromised her ideological “purity” or reliability as a conservative justice, as though having nonbiological, nonwhite children in her family made her predisposed toward a “liberal” outcome. 
Carl, who’d been nominated as assistant secretary of state for international organization affairs this spring before withdrawing, is implicitly suggesting that proximity to black or Haitian children softens or corrupts a person’s intelligence. 
His argument, in other words, has nothing to do with immigration policy and everything to do with blood. 
The rest of the day’s attacks on Barrett, mostly having to do with her being a woman, which supposedly renders her unfit to serve in important positions, all but guaranteed that any potential converts to the immigration restriction cause wouldn’t give it a second look. 
The Daily Wire’s Matt Walsh, for instance, called Barrett a “DEI hire, little better than Ketanji Jackson,” and separately posted: “The worst Supreme Court Justices of all time have all been women. 
That’s just a fact. 
Republican presidents should take the hint.” 
Republican congressional candidate Derrick Evans, meanwhile, wrote: “Amy Coney Barrett is the poster child for why we need to repeal the Nineteenth Amendment.” 
Not to be outdone, prominent right-wing influencer Joey Mannarino wrote: “If Amy Coney Barrett really votes against ending birthright citizenship, we should begin to look into how to deport her Haitian child back to Haiti.” 
The display on the Right on Tuesday was truly stunning. 
CONSERVATIVE SCHOLARS DEBATE AI REGULATION: CATO VS. 
AFPI 
Politics, as the old adage goes, is the art of the possible. 
But what’s possible is, itself, an art of attraction. 
The immigration restrictionist political movement, building off the ugly scenes from the winter in Minnesota that caused the nation to recoil and sour on Trump’s mass deportations, is off to a deeply unfortunate start in the post-Barbara age. 
It was so bad, it might be irreversible  at least as long as this cast is leading the charge. 
And without popular support, the suggestions laid out in the Washington Examiner’s editorial will be dead on arrival. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 18.4%Peter Laffin: 10.6%Washington Examiner: 5.3%Confirmation Bias18.4%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.2%Washington Examiner: 0.9%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 1.5%Peter Laffin: 2.5%Washington Examiner: 3.2%Availability Heuristic1.5%This article: 5.8%Peter Laffin: 2.2%Washington Examiner: 1.1%Representativeness Heuristic5.8%This article: 3.2%Peter Laffin: 2.1%Washington Examiner: 0.8%Hindsight Bias3.2%This article: 4.6%Peter Laffin: 1.6%Washington Examiner: 2.0%Overconfidence Bias4.6%This article: 7.7%Peter Laffin: 6.2%Washington Examiner: 8.6%Framing Effect7.7%This article: 0.7%Peter Laffin: 0.5%Washington Examiner: 0.6%Loss Aversion0.7%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.2%Washington Examiner: 0.6%Status Quo Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.0%Washington Examiner: 0.2%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.2%Washington Examiner: 1.5%Optimism Bias0.0%This article: 6.4%Peter Laffin: 2.8%Washington Examiner: 1.8%Pessimism Bias6.4%This article: 28.1%Peter Laffin: 11.8%Washington Examiner: 9.3%Negativity Bias28.1%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.4%Washington Examiner: 1.3%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 3.9%Peter Laffin: 5.9%Washington Examiner: 1.6%Fundamental Attribution Error3.9%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.0%Washington Examiner: 0.2%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 3.2%Peter Laffin: 3.7%Washington Examiner: 2.1%In-Group Bias3.2%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 2.4%Washington Examiner: 1.6%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.7%Washington Examiner: 2.3%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.6%Washington Examiner: 0.4%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.0%Washington Examiner: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 16.5%Peter Laffin: 2.5%Washington Examiner: 1.7%Recency Bias16.5%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.1%Washington Examiner: 0.5%Primacy Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.0%Washington Examiner: 0.0%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 6.7%Peter Laffin: 7.0%Washington Examiner: 2.2%Ad Hominem6.7%This article: 10.1%Peter Laffin: 4.8%Washington Examiner: 1.8%Straw Man10.1%This article: 2.8%Peter Laffin: 1.2%Washington Examiner: 3.9%Appeal to Authority2.8%This article: 8.3%Peter Laffin: 5.6%Washington Examiner: 3.0%False Dilemma8.3%This article: 1.5%Peter Laffin: 2.1%Washington Examiner: 1.5%Slippery Slope1.5%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.2%Washington Examiner: 0.2%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 16.6%Peter Laffin: 16.9%Washington Examiner: 9.1%Hasty Generalization16.6%This article: 2.6%Peter Laffin: 0.2%Washington Examiner: 0.3%Red Herring2.6%This article: 3.1%Peter Laffin: 0.5%Washington Examiner: 0.5%Bandwagon3.1%This article: 11.1%Peter Laffin: 3.0%Washington Examiner: 6.0%Appeal to Emotion11.1%This article: 0.3%Peter Laffin: 2.9%Washington Examiner: 1.7%Begging the Question0.3%This article: 10.3%Peter Laffin: 4.9%Washington Examiner: 3.1%Post Hoc (False Cause)10.3%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.2%Washington Examiner: 0.2%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 3.9%Peter Laffin: 1.0%Washington Examiner: 0.7%Burden of Proof3.9%This article: 2.0%Peter Laffin: 0.2%Washington Examiner: 0.2%Appeal to Nature2.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.5%Washington Examiner: 0.5%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 2.2%Peter Laffin: 2.9%Washington Examiner: 2.2%Anecdotal2.2%This article: 1.4%Peter Laffin: 0.4%Washington Examiner: 0.2%No True Scotsman1.4%This article: 6.0%Peter Laffin: 1.6%Washington Examiner: 2.1%Ambiguity (Equivocation)6.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.0%Washington Examiner: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 1.2%Peter Laffin: 0.2%Washington Examiner: 0.1%Middle Ground1.2%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.0%Washington Examiner: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 0.4%Washington Examiner: 0.2%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Peter Laffin: 2.3%Washington Examiner: 0.6%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 10.9%Peter Laffin: 2.6%Washington Examiner: 2.2%Unattributed Quote10.9%This article: 7.7%Peter Laffin: 2.0%Washington Examiner: 1.8%Quote-first Misdirection7.7%This article: 41.5%Peter Laffin: 31.7%Washington Examiner: 11.8%Biased Writer Voice41.5%This article: 1.2%Peter Laffin: 2.2%Washington Examiner: 3.5%Indoctrination1.2%This article: 3.3%Peter Laffin: 0.8%Washington Examiner: 0.4%Politically Left Leaning Bias3.3%This article: 7.4%Peter Laffin: 9.9%Washington Examiner: 4.4%Politically Right Leaning Bias7.4%This article: 3.3%Peter Laffin: 1.3%Washington Examiner: 0.9%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…3.3%

1372 words analyzed.

Speakers

7speakers25%attributed speech1,029writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 9 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 100.0% coverageWashington Examiner • 72 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 23 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 2 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 21 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 28 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 29 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 27 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 13 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 16 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 21 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 36 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 16 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 21 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 16 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 45 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 29 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 19 words • 100.0% coverageStephen Miller • 34 words • 100.0% coverageStephen Miller • 28 words • 100.0% coverageStephen Miller • 34 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 41 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 31 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 29 words • 100.0% coverageSean Davis • 25 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 27 words • 0.0% coverageJeremy Carl • 50 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 33 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 45 words • 100.0% coverageMatt Walsh • 32 words • 0.0% coverageMatt Walsh • 4 words • 0.0% coverageMatt Walsh • 6 words • 0.0% coverageDerrick Evans • 23 words • 0.0% coverageJoey Mannarino • 35 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 38 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 100.0% coverage
Selected voice

Washington Examiner

100%flagged-word coverage
72 attributed words21% of attributed speech88% writer coverage
0%50.0%100.0%Unattributed Quote+100.0 ptsWriter: 0.0%Washington Examiner: 100.0%100.0%Quote-first Misdirection+100.0 ptsWriter: 0.0%Washington Examiner: 100.0%100.0%Biased Writer Voice+51.7 ptsWriter: 48.3%Washington Examiner: 100.0%100.0%Politically Right Leaning -6.5 ptsWriter: 6.5%Washington Examiner: 0.0%0.0%Politically Left Leaning B-4.4 ptsWriter: 4.4%Washington Examiner: 0.0%0.0%Attempt to Sell a Product -4.4 ptsWriter: 4.4%Washington Examiner: 0.0%0.0%Indoctrination-1.6 ptsWriter: 1.6%Washington Examiner: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.