Brief Encounter: A Letter from a 19th Century Physician to Donald Trump 39%

By E. Fuller Torrey53% Wendy Simmons53%

7/15/2026, 9:00:00 AM

BS Summary: This article contains 27 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias, Appeal to Authority, and Hindsight Bias, with Biased Writer Voice as the most egregious example at 40.3% saturation with 215 hits. Analysis detected 1,139 faulty-reasoning hits from 534 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 44.8% and a BS Rank of 39% (12,608 of 20,517 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 61.40% of the article peer group.

To: President Donald J. 
Trump 
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW 
Washington, DC 20500 
From: James Parkinson, M.D. 
Hoxton, London, England 
Dear President Trump, 
In 1817, I published a short book, An Essay on the Shaking Palsy , containing the first clear clinical description of the disease that would eventually bear my name. 
I hoped it would spur others to investigate this mysterious illness. 
My description of what I called a “tedious and most distressing malady” proved remarkably accurate and enduring. 
After my death, Jean-Martin Charcot, the French neurologist, popularized the name Parkinson’s Disease. 
From my vantage point in the hereafter, I have watched with alarm as diagnoses of the “shaking palsy” have risen steadily—and, in recent decades, precipitously. 
James Parkinson. 
Credit: Wikimedia Commons 
I am writing because your administration has embarked on a systematic effort to prolong and expand the burning of coal. 
Unlike the Operation Warp Speed in your first term, which sped the development of a vaccine to battle COVID-19, this is, decidedly, a step backward for public health. 
In February, the Environmental Protection Agency repealed stricter limits on mercury and other toxic emissions from coal-fired power plants. 
In April, it proposed weakening federal rules governing the disposal of coal ash. 
Then, in June, the Department of Energy announced up to $350 million for projects to modernize, restart, and potentially construct coal-fired plants. 
You are repeating a mistake Great Britain made two centuries ago, when it embraced coal before comprehending the damage coal smoke could inflict on the first cases of “the shaking palsy.” 
As the Industrial Revolution gained momentum, we observed its terrible medical consequences without understanding their causes. 
We no longer have that excuse. 
Your own government identifies power plants as the nation’s largest source of airborne mercury emissions. 
Championing coal is therefore ill-advised: mercury is a potent neurotoxin with a particular capacity to damage the brain and nervous system. 
Researchers have found evidence connecting mercury exposure to Parkinson’s disease, although its precise contribution remains under investigation. 
That uncertainty is an argument for caution—not for allowing more mercury into the air. 
So, Mr. 
President, by promoting coal-fired power plants while loosening safeguards against their toxic emissions and waste, you are repeating a mistake we made 200 years ago. 
Britain learned this lesson during my own lifetime. 
As the Industrial Revolution accelerated, coal consumption rose from a few million tons annually to tens of millions. 
The air darkened, disease became increasingly visible, and physicians struggled to understand the consequences. 
We had the excuse of ignorance . 
You do not . 
What you call “beautiful coal” has an ugly human cost. 
Finally, Mr. 
Trump, I have a proposal. 
Since you are fond of attaching your name to things, I would be happy to surrender mine. 
Call it Trump’s Disease. 
I would rather be remembered as a geologist and a founding member of the Geological Society of London than for the neurological illness whose risks your policies so casually disregard. 
The name is all yours if you want it. 
James Parkinson, M.D. 
The post Brief Encounter: A Letter from a 19th Century Physician to Donald Trump appeared first on Washington Monthly . 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 6.4%E. Fuller Torrey: 2.8%Washington Monthly: 4.4%Confirmation Bias6.4%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.6%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 5.6%E. Fuller Torrey: 3.2%Washington Monthly: 2.6%Availability Heuristic5.6%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.9%Representativeness Heuristic0.0%This article: 12.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 4.4%Washington Monthly: 1.2%Hindsight Bias12.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.8%Washington Monthly: 1.6%Overconfidence Bias0.0%This article: 7.1%E. Fuller Torrey: 7.9%Washington Monthly: 5.4%Framing Effect7.1%This article: 2.6%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.7%Washington Monthly: 0.2%Loss Aversion2.6%This article: 5.8%E. Fuller Torrey: 1.5%Washington Monthly: 0.4%Status Quo Bias5.8%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.2%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 1.4%Optimism Bias0.0%This article: 1.1%E. Fuller Torrey: 1.5%Washington Monthly: 2.3%Pessimism Bias1.1%This article: 21.3%E. Fuller Torrey: 6.5%Washington Monthly: 10.2%Negativity Bias21.3%This article: 3.2%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.8%Washington Monthly: 0.8%Self-Serving Bias3.2%This article: 8.4%E. Fuller Torrey: 3.5%Washington Monthly: 1.2%Fundamental Attribution Error8.4%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.2%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 1.0%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.7%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 2.4%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.6%Washington Monthly: 1.9%Halo Effect2.4%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.2%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 4.7%E. Fuller Torrey: 1.2%Washington Monthly: 1.2%Recency Bias4.7%This article: 5.4%E. Fuller Torrey: 1.4%Washington Monthly: 0.5%Primacy Effect5.4%This article: 0.7%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.2%Washington Monthly: 0.1%Blind-Spot Bias0.7%This article: 10.5%E. Fuller Torrey: 7.8%Washington Monthly: 2.6%Ad Hominem10.5%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.5%Washington Monthly: 1.2%Straw Man0.0%This article: 13.9%E. Fuller Torrey: 3.5%Washington Monthly: 4.1%Appeal to Authority13.9%This article: 7.9%E. Fuller Torrey: 5.2%Washington Monthly: 1.9%False Dilemma7.9%This article: 10.5%E. Fuller Torrey: 2.6%Washington Monthly: 1.8%Slippery Slope10.5%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.2%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 3.9%E. Fuller Torrey: 4.8%Washington Monthly: 6.9%Hasty Generalization3.9%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.2%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.5%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 1.9%E. Fuller Torrey: 1.4%Washington Monthly: 5.0%Appeal to Emotion1.9%This article: 1.9%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.5%Washington Monthly: 1.1%Begging the Question1.9%This article: 8.4%E. Fuller Torrey: 4.5%Washington Monthly: 3.2%Post Hoc (False Cause)8.4%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.1%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.7%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.2%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.6%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 9.2%E. Fuller Torrey: 2.3%Washington Monthly: 2.5%Anecdotal9.2%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.2%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 1.7%Ambiguity (Equivocation)0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.1%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.1%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.2%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 3.2%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.8%Washington Monthly: 1.8%Unattributed Quote3.2%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 1.2%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 40.3%E. Fuller Torrey: 19.3%Washington Monthly: 12.7%Biased Writer Voice40.3%This article: 6.6%E. Fuller Torrey: 1.8%Washington Monthly: 2.4%Indoctrination6.6%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 12.4%Washington Monthly: 4.5%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 8.4%E. Fuller Torrey: 2.1%Washington Monthly: 0.2%Politically Right Leaning Bias8.4%This article: 0.0%E. Fuller Torrey: 0.0%Washington Monthly: 0.5%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…0.0%

534 words analyzed.

Speakers

1speaker75%attributed speech133writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 4 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 3 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 3 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 29 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 11 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 17 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 13 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 25 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 2 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 20 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 28 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 19 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 13 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 31 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 16 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 21 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 17 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 14 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 2 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 25 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 8 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 18 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 14 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 7 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 4 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 10 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 2 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 5 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 17 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 4 words • 0.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 30 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 9 words • 100.0% coverageJames Parkinson, M.D. • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 0.0% coverage
Selected voice

James Parkinson, M.D.

84%flagged-word coverage
401 attributed words100% of attributed speech24% writer coverage
0%27.5%55.0%Biased Writer Voice+53.6 ptsWriter: 0.0%James Parkinson, M.D.: 53.6%53.6%Politically Right Leaning +11.2 ptsWriter: 0.0%James Parkinson, M.D.: 11.2%11.2%Indoctrination+8.7 ptsWriter: 0.0%James Parkinson, M.D.: 8.7%8.7%Unattributed Quote+4.2 ptsWriter: 0.0%James Parkinson, M.D.: 4.2%4.2%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.