Topic summary
⁠41%1 analyzed article/video2,382 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Academic Writing results contain 38 faulty reasoning types, including Hasty Generalization, Ambiguity (Equivocation), and Biased Writer Voice, with Unattributed Quote as the most egregious example at 9% saturation with 861 hits. Analysis detected 6,693 faulty-reasoning hits from 9,528 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 1.8% and a BS Rank of ⁠33% (16,087 of 23,837 topics). This Academic Writing is better (less manipulative) than 67.50% of the peer group.
Academic Writing
Topic details
Total words: 9,528
Article count: 1
Authors

Ranking context

Position among analyzed topics

33% percentile
025507510032.5% percentile
1.8% BS Score1 analyzed articles9.5K analyzed words

Reasoning profile

Selected profile versus the sitewide rate

TopicSitewideShared scale 0–50%
0.0%10%20%30%40%50%Framing EffectSitewide 26.9%Topic 1.2%1.2%Appeal to EmotionSitewide 15.9%Topic 0.4%0.4%Negativity BiasSitewide 19.2%Topic 6.3%6.3%Appeal to AuthoritySitewide 11.1%Topic 0.6%0.6%Unattributed QuoteSitewide 1.1%Topic 9.0%9.0%Ambiguity (Equivocation)Sitewide 0.8%Topic 8.0%8.0%In-Group BiasSitewide 6.9%Topic 0.5%0.5%Availability HeuristicSitewide 9.1%Topic 2.9%2.9%Optimism BiasSitewide 6.0%Topic 0.6%0.6%Confirmation BiasSitewide 7.5%Topic 3.4%3.4%

Sitewide departure map

Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often

0.0%0.0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%Framing Effect: Topic 1.2%, sitewide 26.9%Negativity Bias: Topic 6.3%, sitewide 19.2%Appeal to Emotion: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 15.9%Appeal to Authority: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 11.1%Availability Heuristic: Topic 2.9%, sitewide 9.1%Unattributed Quote: Topic 9.0%, sitewide 1.1%Hasty Generalization: Topic 8.5%, sitewide 8.1%Ambiguity (Equivocation): Topic 8.0%, sitewide 0.8%Confirmation Bias: Topic 3.4%, sitewide 7.5%In-Group Bias: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 6.9%Biased Writer Voice: Topic 6.4%, sitewide 5.3%Optimism Bias: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 6.0%Anecdotal: Topic 3.0%, sitewide 5.2%Overconfidence Bias: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 4.6%Self-Serving Bias: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 3.7%Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 0.6%, sitewide 3.3%Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 2.7%False Dilemma: Topic 2.7%, sitewide 1.5%Recency Bias: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 2.7%Pessimism Bias: Topic 2.2%, sitewide 1.9%Status Quo Bias: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 2.2%Ad Hominem: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 2.2%Quote-first Misdirection: Topic 2.1%, sitewide 0.0%Politically Left Leaning Bias: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 2.0%Framing EffectSitewide rateTopic rate

Analyzed articles and videos