WDIV⁠38%

Second death reported in Legionnaires’ disease outbreak in New York City ⁠44%

By Associated Press⁠60%

7/19/2026, 4:08:10 PM

Topics: Health
Keywords: Health

BS Summary: This article contains 15 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias, Recency Bias, and Availability Heuristic, with Appeal to Authority as the most egregious example at 27.3% saturation with 68 hits. Analysis detected 427 faulty-reasoning hits from 249 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 47.1% and a BS Rank of ⁠44% (11,956 of 21,180 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 56.40% of the article peer group.

A second person has died in connection with an outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in New York, the New York City Health Department announced Saturday. 
The outbreak on Manhattan’s Upper East Side has infected 72 people, according to health officials. 
Two people have died. 
The first death was announced Friday, and the second was announced Saturday. 
“We are heartbroken to learn that another New Yorker has lost their life to Legionnaires’ disease on the Upper East Side. 
Our deepest condolences are with their loved ones as they grieve,” New York City Health Commissioner Dr. 
Alister F. 
Martin said in a statement. 
Legionnaires’ disease is a form of severe pneumonia caused by a type of bacteria that thrives in warm, stagnant water. 
Health officials have focused on testing cooling towers that are part of air conditioning systems for large buildings. 
Property owners have been ordered to drain and disinfect towers where there has been a positive test result. 
Health officials did not pinpoint a source for the current outbreak but said there has been a sustained decline in new cases. 
They said that indicates the source of exposure to Legionella bacteria has likely been eliminated. 
Legionnaires’ disease is treatable but 10% of people will die due to complications from the illness, according to the U.S. 
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 
Last year, seven people died and more than 100 were sickened during an outbreak in New York’s Harlem neighborhood. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 0.0%Associated Press: 2.2%WDIV: 3.0%Confirmation Bias0.0%This article: 1.6%Associated Press: 0.8%WDIV: 0.7%Anchoring Bias1.6%This article: 15.7%Associated Press: 3.1%WDIV: 3.0%Availability Heuristic15.7%This article: 6.0%Associated Press: 0.8%WDIV: 0.9%Representativeness Heuristic6.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.6%WDIV: 0.2%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 1.1%WDIV: 1.3%Overconfidence Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 7.2%WDIV: 4.7%Framing Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.4%WDIV: 0.8%Loss Aversion0.0%This article: 7.2%Associated Press: 0.5%WDIV: 0.3%Status Quo Bias7.2%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.1%WDIV: 0.1%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 6.0%Associated Press: 2.1%WDIV: 2.2%Optimism Bias6.0%This article: 8.8%Associated Press: 1.5%WDIV: 0.8%Pessimism Bias8.8%This article: 23.3%Associated Press: 8.8%WDIV: 6.1%Negativity Bias23.3%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 2.0%WDIV: 0.9%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.8%WDIV: 0.4%Fundamental Attribution Error0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.2%WDIV: 0.4%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 1.1%WDIV: 0.8%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.4%WDIV: 0.1%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 2.4%WDIV: 2.5%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.2%WDIV: 0.0%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.0%WDIV: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 22.1%Associated Press: 1.4%WDIV: 1.2%Recency Bias22.1%This article: 2.0%Associated Press: 0.3%WDIV: 0.1%Primacy Effect2.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.0%WDIV: 0.2%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.8%WDIV: 0.2%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.2%WDIV: 0.2%Straw Man0.0%This article: 27.3%Associated Press: 3.4%WDIV: 4.1%Appeal to Authority27.3%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.8%WDIV: 0.7%False Dilemma0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.6%WDIV: 0.2%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.0%WDIV: 0.3%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 7.6%Associated Press: 2.7%WDIV: 2.4%Hasty Generalization7.6%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.2%WDIV: 0.0%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.4%WDIV: 0.7%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 15.3%Associated Press: 4.7%WDIV: 3.8%Appeal to Emotion15.3%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.6%WDIV: 0.5%Begging the Question0.0%This article: 6.0%Associated Press: 2.3%WDIV: 3.1%Post Hoc (False Cause)6.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.2%WDIV: 0.2%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 7.2%Associated Press: 0.4%WDIV: 1.0%Burden of Proof7.2%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.1%WDIV: 0.2%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.1%WDIV: 0.1%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 1.8%WDIV: 1.9%Anecdotal0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.1%WDIV: 0.0%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 1.2%WDIV: 2.1%Ambiguity (Equivocation)0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.0%WDIV: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.0%WDIV: 0.1%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.0%WDIV: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.1%WDIV: 0.0%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.2%WDIV: 0.1%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 1.3%WDIV: 1.8%Unattributed Quote0.0%This article: 15.3%Associated Press: 1.2%WDIV: 1.6%Quote-first Misdirection15.3%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 3.0%WDIV: 1.8%Biased Writer Voice0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.7%WDIV: 1.9%Indoctrination0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.8%WDIV: 0.2%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.2%WDIV: 0.2%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Associated Press: 0.5%WDIV: 1.9%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…0.0%

249 words analyzed.

Speakers

3speakers14%attributed speech214writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageNew York City Health Department • 24 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 21 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 17 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 2 words • 0.0% coverageAlister F. Martin • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 0.0% coverageCenters for Disease Control and Prevention • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 19 words • 0.0% coverage
100%flagged-word coverage
24 attributed words69% of attributed speech85% writer coverage
0%10.0%20.0%Quote-first Misdirection-17.8 ptsWriter: 17.8%New York City Health Department: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.