BS Summary: This article contains 14 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Emotion, Bandwagon, and Framing Effect, with Appeal to Authority as the most egregious example at 12.7% saturation with 70 hits. Analysis detected 496 faulty-reasoning hits from 552 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 57.4% and a BS Rank of 62% (8,351 of 21,887 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 61.80% of the article peer group.

The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) Action Fund is endorsing retired U.S. 
Army Brig. 
Gen. 
Leela Gray in Florida’s 13th Congressional District. 
The Action Fund, NRDC’s political arm, cited Gray’s support for banning offshore drilling, lowering utility and insurance costs, and investing in storm-resilient infrastructure as reasons for its endorsement. 
“Leela Gray understands that in Florida’s 13th District, protecting the coast and lowering costs for families are the same fight,” NRDC Action Fund Managing Director Jed Ober said. 
“She has committed to banning offshore drilling, cutting utility and insurance costs, and building the resilient infrastructure this district needs after Hurricanes Helene and Milton. 
NRDC Action Fund is proud to endorse her campaign.” 
NRDC Action Fund has made energy affordability and coastal resilience central to its 2026 electoral strategy, particularly in districts where utility and property insurance costs have become significant concerns for voters. 
Gray said environmental policy is an economic issue for residents whose homes and livelihoods depend on the coast. 
“With every voter I talk to in this district, I hear the same thing: insurance costs that keep climbing, utility bills that never seem to go down, and a coastline my neighbors depend on for their livelihoods and their safety,” Gray said. 
“This isn’t an abstract fight about the environment. 
It’s about whether families here can afford to stay in their homes and whether our tourism and fishing economy survives the next storm. 
I’m grateful to have NRDC Action Fund in this fight with us.” 
The endorsement comes as Gray attracts growing financial support. 
Her campaign announced earlier this month that it had raised more than $1 million during the five months since she entered the race. 
The campaign said 90% of its donations came from contributions of less than $100. 
Gray closed the second quarter with $750,000 in cash on hand. 
The NRDC Action Fund also joins a lengthy list of elected officials , labor organizations and Democratic groups supporting Gray’s campaign. 
The list includes former U.S. 
Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg , U.S. 
Sen. 
Mark Kelly , House Democratic Whip Katherine Clark , U.S. 
Reps. 
Kathy Castor , Lois Frankel , Jason Crow , Pat Ryan and Ted Lieu , and former House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer . 
Gray has also received endorsements from former U.S. 
Rep. 
Jim Davis , former state Rep. 
Ben Diamond , former Chief Financial Officer Alex Sink , Safety Harbor Mayor Joe Ayoub , the Florida AFL-CIO, the West Central Florida Labor Council, EMILY’s List, New Politics and VoteVets. 
A lawyer and third-generation veteran, Gray served more than 30 years in the Army, including two combat deployments and a peacekeeping mission. 
She retired in 2018 as deputy commanding general of U.S. 
Army Central and later advised U.S. 
Army Cyber Command on modernizing national cyber policy. 
Gray first faces intelligence analyst John Liccione and educator Brandt Robinson in the Aug. 
18 Democratic Primary. 
Luna is unopposed for the Republican nomination, while no-party candidate Tony D’Arrigo has also qualified for the Nov. 
3 General Election. 
The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee has also included CD 13 among its GOP-held “Districts in Play.” 
Luna first won the seat in 2022, flipping a district previously represented by a Democrat. 
The Primary is Aug. 18, followed by the General Election on Nov. 
3. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 7.6%Jesse Mendoza: 2.0%Florida Politics: 2.6%Confirmation Bias7.6%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 1.0%Florida Politics: 1.1%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 5.6%Jesse Mendoza: 1.6%Florida Politics: 1.2%Availability Heuristic5.6%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 1.4%Florida Politics: 1.3%Representativeness Heuristic0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.2%Florida Politics: 0.1%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 1.9%Florida Politics: 1.2%Overconfidence Bias0.0%This article: 8.3%Jesse Mendoza: 7.0%Florida Politics: 6.3%Framing Effect8.3%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 1.0%Florida Politics: 0.5%Loss Aversion0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 1.1%Florida Politics: 1.2%Status Quo Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.3%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.6%Florida Politics: 3.8%Optimism Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 2.1%Florida Politics: 0.8%Pessimism Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 7.5%Florida Politics: 6.9%Negativity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 1.3%Florida Politics: 3.6%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 2.2%Florida Politics: 0.8%Fundamental Attribution Error0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.1%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 5.1%Jesse Mendoza: 1.1%Florida Politics: 2.2%In-Group Bias5.1%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.0%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 5.6%Jesse Mendoza: 2.2%Florida Politics: 5.0%Halo Effect5.6%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.3%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 1.4%Jesse Mendoza: 0.6%Florida Politics: 1.4%Recency Bias1.4%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.2%Primacy Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.0%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.3%Florida Politics: 0.9%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 1.0%Florida Politics: 0.3%Straw Man0.0%This article: 12.7%Jesse Mendoza: 3.2%Florida Politics: 6.0%Appeal to Authority12.7%This article: 4.2%Jesse Mendoza: 2.2%Florida Politics: 1.0%False Dilemma4.2%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.2%Florida Politics: 0.1%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.1%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 3.7%Florida Politics: 2.5%Hasty Generalization0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.3%Florida Politics: 0.3%Red Herring0.0%This article: 9.4%Jesse Mendoza: 1.7%Florida Politics: 2.2%Bandwagon9.4%This article: 11.8%Jesse Mendoza: 5.5%Florida Politics: 5.5%Appeal to Emotion11.8%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.9%Florida Politics: 0.5%Begging the Question0.0%This article: 6.9%Jesse Mendoza: 1.4%Florida Politics: 1.6%Post Hoc (False Cause)6.9%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.0%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.3%Florida Politics: 0.4%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.2%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.2%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 1.2%Anecdotal0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.1%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 3.3%Jesse Mendoza: 1.1%Florida Politics: 1.0%Ambiguity (Equivocation)3.3%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.0%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.5%Florida Politics: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.4%Florida Politics: 0.2%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.2%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.7%Florida Politics: 1.3%Unattributed Quote0.0%This article: 2.9%Jesse Mendoza: 1.1%Florida Politics: 1.1%Quote-first Misdirection2.9%This article: 5.1%Jesse Mendoza: 2.4%Florida Politics: 3.5%Biased Writer Voice5.1%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 1.0%Florida Politics: 0.8%Indoctrination0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.7%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.1%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jesse Mendoza: 0.0%Florida Politics: 0.7%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…0.0%

552 words analyzed.

Speakers

3speakers30%attributed speech387writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 2 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 28 words • 0.0% coverageNRDC Action Fund • 28 words • 100.0% coverageJed Ober • 25 words • 0.0% coverageNRDC Action Fund • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 31 words • 0.0% coverageLeela Gray • 18 words • 0.0% coverageLeela Gray • 42 words • 0.0% coverageLeela Gray • 8 words • 0.0% coverageLeela Gray • 23 words • 0.0% coverageLeela Gray • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 23 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 21 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 23 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 31 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 16 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverage
Selected voice

NRDC Action Fund

100%flagged-word coverage
37 attributed words22% of attributed speech65% writer coverage
0%40.0%80.0%Biased Writer Voice+75.7 ptsWriter: 0.0%NRDC Action Fund: 75.7%75.7%Quote-first Misdirection-4.1 ptsWriter: 4.1%NRDC Action Fund: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.