Getting What You Paid For  Paying For What You Get: Proposals for the Next Transportation Reauthorization (Policy Analysis) 34%

By null null92%

9/14/2009, 9:00:00 PM

BS Summary: This article contains 27 faulty reasoning types, including Framing Effect, Politically Right Leaning Bias, and Biased Writer Voice, with Ambiguity (Equivocation) as the most egregious example at 11.8% saturation with 86 hits. Analysis detected 834 faulty-reasoning hits from 728 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 41.8% and a BS Rank of 34% (14,616 of 21,887 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 66.80% of the article peer group.

When Congress passed the Federal Aid Highway 
Act of 1956, it gave the Bureau of Public 
Roads a clear mission: oversee construction of a 
safe, high-speed Interstate Highway System. 
As 
that system neared completion in the 1980s, the 
mission of the Department of Transportation 
became increasingly murky. 
Now the department 
is supposed to reduce congestion; attract people 
out of their automobiles; clean the air; promote 
economic development; improve livability; create 
a sense of community: and accomplish a variety 
of other often conflicting goals  most of which 
are not easily quantifiable. 
As the mission became muddied, each surface 
transportation reauthorization since 1982 has 
included an increasing number of earmarks, 
divided revenues among more and more different 
funds, and added lengthy rules for how those 
funds may be spent. 
Each earmark, apportionment, 
and rule has made transportation spending 
incrementally less efficient. 
This increasing politicization of something 
that began life as a fairly efficient program is the 
predictable result of government involvement in 
what is essentially a private economic activity. 
The 
inevitability of such decline is a good argument 
for abolishing the U.S. 
Department of Transportation 
and devolving federal transportation programs 
to the states. 
Short of that, Congress should make every 
effort to return to a system where people get what 
they pay for  that is, transportation user fees are dedicated 
to systems that benefit the people who paid 
those fees  and people pay for what they get  that is, 
people pay the full cost of the facilities they use. 
As a second-best solution to abolishing the 
Department of Transportation, this paper offers 
eight proposals essential for the 2009 reauthorization 
to achieve these goals. 
These proposals 
include 
Apportion funds to states based on population, 
land area, and user fees 
Require that short-term plans be efficient 
or cost efficient 
Create a citizen-enforcement process that 
will ensure efficiency and cost efficiency 
Eliminate long-range transportation planning 
Allow unlimited use of road tolls 
Eliminate clean-air mandates 
Avoid earmarks 
Remove employee protective arrangements from transit law 
When Congress passed the Federal Aid Highway 
Act of 1956, it gave the Bureau of Public 
Roads a clear mission: oversee construction of a 
safe, high-speed Interstate Highway System. 
As 
that system neared completion in the 1980s, the 
mission of the Department of Transportation 
became increasingly murky. 
Now the department 
is supposed to reduce congestion; attract people 
out of their automobiles; clean the air; promote 
economic development; improve livability; create 
a sense of community: and accomplish a variety 
of other often conflicting goals  most of which 
are not easily quantifiable. 
As the mission became muddied, each surface 
transportation reauthorization since 1982 has 
included an increasing number of earmarks, 
divided revenues among more and more different 
funds, and added lengthy rules for how those 
funds may be spent. 
Each earmark, apportionment, 
and rule has made transportation spending 
incrementally less efficient. 
This increasing politicization of something 
that began life as a fairly efficient program is the 
predictable result of government involvement in 
what is essentially a private economic activity. 
The 
inevitability of such decline is a good argument 
for abolishing the U.S. 
Department of Transportation 
and devolving federal transportation programs 
to the states. 
Short of that, Congress should make every 
effort to return to a system where people get what 
they pay for  that is, transportation user fees are dedicated 
to systems that benefit the people who paid 
those fees  and people pay for what they get  that is, 
people pay the full cost of the facilities they use. 
As a second-best solution to abolishing the 
Department of Transportation, this paper offers 
eight proposals essential for the 2009 reauthorization 
to achieve these goals. 
These proposals 
include 
Apportion funds to states based on population, 
land area, and user fees 
Require that short-term plans be efficient 
or cost efficient 
Create a citizen-enforcement process that 
will ensure efficiency and cost efficiency 
Eliminate long-range transportation planning 
Allow unlimited use of road tolls 
Eliminate clean-air mandates 
Avoid earmarks 
Remove employee protective arrangements from transit law 
Randal O’Toole 
is a senior fellow with the Cato Institute and author of 
The Best-Laid Plans: How Government Planning Harms Your Quality of Life, Your Pocketbook, and Your Future 
and the forthcoming 
Gridlock: Why We’re Stuck in Traffic and What to Do about It 
. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 2.5%null null: 9.7%The Daily Caller: 5.0%Confirmation Bias2.5%This article: 0.0%null null: 1.6%The Daily Caller: 0.7%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 1.6%null null: 6.4%The Daily Caller: 2.7%Availability Heuristic1.6%This article: 0.0%null null: 1.5%The Daily Caller: 0.8%Representativeness Heuristic0.0%This article: 2.7%null null: 0.1%The Daily Caller: 0.4%Hindsight Bias2.7%This article: 6.3%null null: 11.3%The Daily Caller: 3.3%Overconfidence Bias6.3%This article: 10.9%null null: 13.7%The Daily Caller: 10.4%Framing Effect10.9%This article: 2.7%null null: 3.5%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Loss Aversion2.7%This article: 3.7%null null: 2.1%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Status Quo Bias3.7%This article: 0.0%null null: 1.0%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 8.2%The Daily Caller: 2.7%Optimism Bias0.0%This article: 3.8%null null: 4.4%The Daily Caller: 2.5%Pessimism Bias3.8%This article: 3.8%null null: 8.8%The Daily Caller: 8.2%Negativity Bias3.8%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 1.2%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 1.6%null null: 0.5%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Fundamental Attribution Error1.6%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.6%The Daily Caller: 1.8%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.1%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 1.1%null null: 1.5%The Daily Caller: 1.6%Halo Effect1.1%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 0.8%null null: 0.7%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Recency Bias0.8%This article: 3.8%null null: 1.1%The Daily Caller: 0.6%Primacy Effect3.8%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.4%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.6%The Daily Caller: 1.1%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 4.0%The Daily Caller: 1.3%Straw Man0.0%This article: 2.5%null null: 5.7%The Daily Caller: 4.6%Appeal to Authority2.5%This article: 6.0%null null: 9.9%The Daily Caller: 2.9%False Dilemma6.0%This article: 3.8%null null: 5.0%The Daily Caller: 2.4%Slippery Slope3.8%This article: 3.6%null null: 0.3%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Circular Reasoning3.6%This article: 5.8%null null: 15.2%The Daily Caller: 6.3%Hasty Generalization5.8%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.4%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.4%The Daily Caller: 1.0%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 1.0%null null: 2.8%The Daily Caller: 5.7%Appeal to Emotion1.0%This article: 4.4%null null: 6.0%The Daily Caller: 2.1%Begging the Question4.4%This article: 2.7%null null: 2.4%The Daily Caller: 3.5%Post Hoc (False Cause)2.7%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 2.8%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.6%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.4%The Daily Caller: 0.4%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 1.0%The Daily Caller: 1.5%Anecdotal0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.0%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 11.8%null null: 3.0%The Daily Caller: 1.9%Ambiguity (Equivocation)11.8%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.4%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.1%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.2%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.1%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.4%null null: 1.6%The Daily Caller: 2.2%Unattributed Quote0.4%This article: 0.0%null null: 2.6%The Daily Caller: 1.8%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 9.1%null null: 16.2%The Daily Caller: 8.5%Biased Writer Voice9.1%This article: 6.2%null null: 12.7%The Daily Caller: 3.6%Indoctrination6.2%This article: 0.0%null null: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.3%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 9.8%null null: 13.7%The Daily Caller: 5.0%Politically Right Leaning Bias9.8%This article: 1.9%null null: 0.9%The Daily Caller: 1.3%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…1.9%

728 words analyzed.

Speakers

1speaker6.0%attributed speech684writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 19 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 13 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 2 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 2 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 13 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 2 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 5 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 3 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 2 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 100.0% coverageRandal O’Toole • 2 words • 0.0% coverageRandal O’Toole • 11 words • 0.0% coverageRandal O’Toole • 16 words • 0.0% coverageRandal O’Toole • 3 words • 0.0% coverageRandal O’Toole • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverage
Selected voice

Randal O’Toole

89%flagged-word coverage
44 attributed words100% of attributed speech62% writer coverage
0%7.5%15.0%Politically Right Leaning -10.4 ptsWriter: 10.4%Randal O’Toole: 0.0%0.0%Biased Writer Voice-9.6 ptsWriter: 9.6%Randal O’Toole: 0.0%0.0%Indoctrination-6.6 ptsWriter: 6.6%Randal O’Toole: 0.0%0.0%Attempt to Sell a Product -2.0 ptsWriter: 2.0%Randal O’Toole: 0.0%0.0%Unattributed Quote-0.4 ptsWriter: 0.4%Randal O’Toole: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.