Keyword summary
0% 1 analyzed article/video
BS Summary: These Millstadt results contain 23 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Emotion , Appeal to Authority , and Negativity Bias , with Framing Effect as the most egregious example at 10.3% saturation with 308 hits . Analysis detected 1,628 faulty-reasoning hits from 3,004 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 0% and a BS Rank of 0% (0 of 37,536 keywords). This Millstadt is better (less manipulative) than 100.00% of the peer group. Millstadt
Keyword details
Total words: 3,004
Article count: 1
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed keywords
0% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 0.0% percentile 0.0% BS Score1 analyzed articles3K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Keyword 10.3% 10.3% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Keyword 4.6% 4.6% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Keyword 5.6% 5.6% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Keyword 4.8% 4.8% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Keyword 2.3% 2.3% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Keyword 1.5% 1.5% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Keyword 2.8% 2.8% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Keyword 0.4% 0.4% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide 5.3% Keyword 1.3% 1.3% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Keyword 2.5% 2.5% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Keyword 10.3%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Keyword 4.6%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Keyword 5.6%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Keyword 4.8%, sitewide 11.1% Hasty Generalization: Keyword 2.3%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Keyword 2.8%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Keyword 1.5%, sitewide 6.9% Optimism Bias: Keyword 2.5%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Keyword 1.3%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Keyword 2.7%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Keyword 0.4%, sitewide 4.6% Self-Serving Bias: Keyword 1.9%, sitewide 3.7% Loss Aversion: Keyword 3.5%, sitewide 2.5% Post Hoc (False Cause): Keyword 0.6%, sitewide 3.3% Ad Hominem: Keyword 0.7%, sitewide 2.2% Burden of Proof: Keyword 1.9%, sitewide 0.4% Slippery Slope: Keyword 0.8%, sitewide 1.7% Begging the Question: Keyword 1.7%, sitewide 1.7% Ambiguity (Equivocation): Keyword 1.6%, sitewide 0.8% Quote-first Misdirection: Keyword 1.5%, sitewide 0.0% Primacy Effect: Keyword 0.1%, sitewide 0.9% Appeal to Nature: Keyword 0.6%, sitewide 0.2% Composition/Division: Keyword 0.6%, sitewide 0.2% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Keyword rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst