Gothamist77%

Your guide to surviving the wildfire smoke enveloping NYC 11%

By Caroline Lewis38%

7/15/2026, 7:55:00 PM

BS Summary: This article contains 18 faulty reasoning types, including Indoctrination, Negativity Bias, and Unattributed Quote, with Appeal to Authority as the most egregious example at 37.8% saturation with 269 hits. Analysis detected 1,365 faulty-reasoning hits from 711 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 28% and a BS Rank of 11% (19,517 of 21,886 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 89.20% of the article peer group.

Parts of New York City are covered in smoke and haze brought on by distant Canadian wildfires, creating conditions that could cause some people to cough or experience difficulty breathing. 
The air quality in parts of the city as of Wednesday afternoon ranged from “unhealthy” to "unhealthy for sensitive groups,” according to a real-time map maintained by the U.S. 
Environmental Protection Agency and other federal agencies. 
The state Department of Environmental Conservation has issued an air quality alert for New York City and other parts of the state, cautioning that some areas have elevated levels of fine particles, which can be harmful to inhale. 
All of that is on top of a heat wave that’s pushing temperatures into the high 90s this week. 
While not everyone can avoid going outside altogether, there are steps you can take to monitor the air quality in your area and stay safe. 
Here’s what you need to know. 
How do I keep an eye on the air quality? 
A color-coded air quality index is used to show the level of pollution in outside air, based on the amount of fine particulate matter that’s present. 
The categories range from “good” to “hazardous,” with red indicating that the air is “unhealthy” and orange indicating that it’s “unhealthy for sensitive groups.” 
At AirNow.gov, you can enter your ZIP code to determine the current air quality in your area. 
Or you can look at how the air quality is fairing in different locations by looking at a real-time air quality map. 
The state Department of Environmental Conservation also has a daily air quality forecast, as do many weather forecast websites such as Accuweather. 
Who is most sensitive to poor air quality? 
Poor air quality affects everyone, but some groups are more sensitive than others. 
That includes people with heart or lung conditions, such as asthma or COPD, people with weakened immune systems, adults over 65, pregnant people, infants and children with health conditions, according to city health officials. 
The city also notes that some New Yorkers have “social vulnerabilities” that put them at higher risk of getting sick from poor air quality such as limited access to healthcare, housing or transportation. 
To get emergency alerts from the city, including air quality warnings, you can text NOTIFYNYC to 692-692. 
What symptoms can be caused by poor air quality? 
Poor air quality can trigger asthma attacks in people with asthma. 
Other signs that you might be affected by the air quality include coughing, wheezing, irritation of the eyes and throat, burning sensations in the chest, shortness of breath, and unusual fatigue, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine. 
New Yorkers should pay extra-close attention to these symptoms in children and people with heart or lung conditions and should seek medical attention if someone experiences severe difficulty breathing or chest pain, according to NYC Emergency Management. 
How can I stay safe when the air quality is poor? 
When air quality is poor, NYC’s emergency management officials recommend limiting time outside and avoiding strenuous activities like exercising or physical labor whenever possible. 
Keeping windows and doors closed can also help improve the air quality inside, as can using air purifiers, according to city officials. 
A well-fitting KN95 or N95 mask can reduce the inhalation of fine particulate matter and help keep people safe if they have to go outside, according to the NYC Emergency Management. 
The city is giving away free masks at libraries and other locations across the city Wednesday and has posted a map of distribution sites online. 
Prioritize heat safety over air quality safety 
City health officials are urging people who lack air conditioning at home to go to cooling centers during this week’s heat wave, even if it means venturing outside while the air quality is poor. 
For those who have air conditioning at home, city officials say it should be used even if the unit is drawing in air from outside. 
“Extreme heat is the deadliest weather hazard and poses a greater immediate risk to life than the air quality levels currently forecast,” city health officials said in an advisory Tuesday. 
A map of libraries and other locations being used as cooling centers during the heat wave can be found here. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 2.0%Gothamist: 2.7%Confirmation Bias0.0%This article: 3.4%Caroline Lewis: 1.3%Gothamist: 1.5%Anchoring Bias3.4%This article: 7.5%Caroline Lewis: 3.2%Gothamist: 3.6%Availability Heuristic7.5%This article: 6.8%Caroline Lewis: 1.1%Gothamist: 1.1%Representativeness Heuristic6.8%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.9%Gothamist: 0.7%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 1.2%Gothamist: 1.2%Overconfidence Bias0.0%This article: 12.7%Caroline Lewis: 5.5%Gothamist: 8.4%Framing Effect12.7%This article: 15.8%Caroline Lewis: 1.1%Gothamist: 1.2%Loss Aversion15.8%This article: 5.3%Caroline Lewis: 0.7%Gothamist: 1.1%Status Quo Bias5.3%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.2%Gothamist: 0.2%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 7.9%Caroline Lewis: 3.6%Gothamist: 3.6%Optimism Bias7.9%This article: 4.2%Caroline Lewis: 1.3%Gothamist: 1.7%Pessimism Bias4.2%This article: 19.1%Caroline Lewis: 6.6%Gothamist: 8.5%Negativity Bias19.1%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 2.8%Gothamist: 2.6%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 4.6%Caroline Lewis: 0.5%Gothamist: 1.0%Fundamental Attribution Error4.6%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.3%Gothamist: 0.3%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 1.2%Gothamist: 2.1%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.1%Gothamist: 0.6%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.9%Gothamist: 2.1%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.1%Gothamist: 0.2%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 4.1%Caroline Lewis: 1.4%Gothamist: 1.3%Recency Bias4.1%This article: 0.8%Caroline Lewis: 0.4%Gothamist: 0.4%Primacy Effect0.8%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.1%Gothamist: 0.1%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.6%Gothamist: 1.0%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Straw Man0.0%This article: 37.8%Caroline Lewis: 3.5%Gothamist: 4.4%Appeal to Authority37.8%This article: 5.8%Caroline Lewis: 0.8%Gothamist: 1.2%False Dilemma5.8%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.5%Gothamist: 0.8%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.1%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 2.8%Gothamist: 3.8%Hasty Generalization0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.2%Gothamist: 0.3%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.7%Gothamist: 0.8%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 3.2%Gothamist: 6.4%Appeal to Emotion0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.5%Gothamist: 0.7%Begging the Question0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 2.7%Gothamist: 2.4%Post Hoc (False Cause)0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.1%Gothamist: 0.1%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.6%Gothamist: 0.4%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.1%Gothamist: 0.1%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.1%Gothamist: 0.2%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 1.0%Gothamist: 2.8%Anecdotal0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.1%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 1.4%Gothamist: 1.3%Ambiguity (Equivocation)0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.1%Gothamist: 0.1%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.0%Gothamist: 0.2%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 18.7%Caroline Lewis: 1.2%Gothamist: 1.2%Unattributed Quote18.7%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 1.0%Gothamist: 1.0%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 3.9%Caroline Lewis: 3.1%Gothamist: 3.2%Biased Writer Voice3.9%This article: 22.2%Caroline Lewis: 2.6%Gothamist: 1.5%Indoctrination22.2%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 1.1%Gothamist: 1.0%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Caroline Lewis: 0.2%Gothamist: 0.2%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 11.4%Caroline Lewis: 0.6%Gothamist: 1.0%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…11.4%

711 words analyzed.

Speakers

9speakers58%attributed speech296writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 9 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 30 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 29 words • 100.0% coverageU.S. Environmental Protection Agency • 7 words • 0.0% coverageNew York State Department of Environmental Conservation • 38 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 19 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 25 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 26 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 24 words • 0.0% coverageAirNow.gov • 17 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 0.0% coverageNew York State Department of Environmental Conservation • 22 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 13 words • 0.0% coveragecity health officials • 34 words • 0.0% coveragecity • 33 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 17 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 100.0% coverageJohns Hopkins Medicine • 36 words • 0.0% coverageNYC Emergency Management • 37 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageNYC’s emergency management officials • 24 words • 100.0% coveragecity officials • 22 words • 0.0% coverageNYC Emergency Management • 31 words • 0.0% coveragecity • 25 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 100.0% coveragecity health officials • 34 words • 100.0% coveragecity officials • 25 words • 100.0% coveragecity health officials • 30 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 0.0% coverage
100%flagged-word coverage
24 attributed words5.8% of attributed speech87% writer coverage
0%50.0%100.0%Indoctrination+87.2 ptsWriter: 12.8%NYC’s emergency management officials: 100.0%100.0%Unattributed Quote-23.6 ptsWriter: 23.6%NYC’s emergency management officials: 0.0%0.0%Biased Writer Voice-9.5 ptsWriter: 9.5%NYC’s emergency management officials: 0.0%0.0%Attempt to Sell a Product -5.7 ptsWriter: 5.7%NYC’s emergency management officials: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.