BS Summary: This article contains 32 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Authority, Post Hoc (False Cause), and Optimism Bias, with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 16.7% saturation with 137 hits. Analysis detected 1,145 faulty-reasoning hits from 820 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 56.2% and a BS Rank of 60% (8,524 of 21,180 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 59.80% of the article peer group.

Utah’s measles outbreak started in a remote area, but is now spreading across the state. 
As of the most recent update from the Utah Department of Health and Human Services, there have now been 583 confirmed cases since last summer. 
Only Texas and South Carolina have had more. 
You wouldn’t know it by the buzz of activity on campus, but the University of Utah is currently dealing with a measles exposure of its own. 
Someone with a confirmed case of the disease was on campus for at least four days at the end of March. 
The university told students to stay home for 21 days if they feel sick or are not vaccinated due to the highly contagious nature of measles. 
For Freshman Hailey Perkins  who was vaccinated as a child  the outbreak isn’t something she’s really thinking about. 
“I was like, I don't really know what you change,” she said. 
“I still have to go to class. 
So I was just like, ‘it is what it is.’" 
Utah’s outbreak took off in the Southwest corner of the state last summer in small communities near the Arizona border. 
People there are known for being affiliated with a fundamentalist religious sect, and they have low vaccination rates. 
Almost half of Utah’s measles cases have come from that region. 
And it’s quickly spreading. 
“It is now hitting people from all different areas of the state with all different practices from all different kinds of communities,” said state epidemiologist Dr. 
Leisha Nolen. 
“It isn't limited to any specific group anymore.” 
Back in February, there were exposures at a high school wrestling tournament at Utah Valley University near Provo and at Highland High School in Salt Lake City. 
That same month, Salt Lake County announced that the disease was “actively spreading” in the county. 
According to the Utah Department of Health and Human Services, 83% of confirmed cases are among unvaccinated people, and children are outpacing adults by a near 2-1 margin. 
Even for seasoned professionals, the severity of some of these cases has been eye-opening. 
“I think a lot of clinicians who are seeing patients with the measles are surprised by how sick these people are, often as kids, teens,” said Nolen. 
“A lot of the providers talk about these teenagers who come in and just look horrible, that they are not wanting to move, they just are extremely uncomfortable with crazy high temperatures, not able to keep food or drink down.” 
Measles is more dangerous for children under 5, as well as people with weakened immune systems. 
Severe complications can lead to fever, pneumonia or brain swelling, and in rare cases can even lead to death, with three deaths recorded across the country in 2025. 
The disease was declared eliminated in the U.S. in 2000, but it experienced a surge in cases starting in 2025. 
Public health experts say the rhetoric and new policies of U.S. 
Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. 
Kennedy Jr. are fostering vaccine skepticism and confusion by not encouraging vaccination, though he did endorse the MMR vaccine on April 6. 
For public health officials like Nolen, the last year-and-a-half has felt like navigating uncharted waters. 
“As a pediatrician doing training in the late 90s, early thousands, I didn't learn about measles,” she said. 
“It was something that maybe you'd see if you went internationally, you certainly didn't expect to see it here in the United States.” 
In the conservative, religious region where the outbreak started, trust in public health took a serious hit during the COVID years, said Southwest Utah Public Health Department Public Information Officer David Heaton. 
Six years later, he’s still working on getting correct vaccine information out to the public, but he says there has been a glimmer of hope. 
“We do still see that people have a little more trust in local public health,” he said. 
“And so we're leveraging that as much as we can to reach out to people, to at least give them education. 
Our big thing is personal responsibility.” 
The number one thing Heaton said could move the needle? 
Actual conversations with local health care providers. 
“We respect anyone that has worries or doubts or questions, we hope they would talk to their doctor, but to be aware that there's a lot of information on the internet that take kind of that fear, that fear approach that you're endangering your child and making certain health care claims that really are unfounded.” 
Despite the push for outreach and vaccinations, epidemiologist Nolen isn’t holding her breath for the end of the outbreak. 
Still, she’s hoping that things might get better now that it’s spring and people are spending less time inside. 
“Now that we have it really throughout the entire state, it's very hard to know how we're going to be able to contain this anytime soon,” she said. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 2.7%Sean Higgins: 2.5%KUER: 2.8%Confirmation Bias2.7%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.9%KUER: 1.3%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 6.5%Sean Higgins: 2.8%KUER: 3.4%Availability Heuristic6.5%This article: 2.8%Sean Higgins: 1.7%KUER: 1.2%Representativeness Heuristic2.8%This article: 2.4%Sean Higgins: 0.4%KUER: 0.5%Hindsight Bias2.4%This article: 3.4%Sean Higgins: 2.1%KUER: 1.9%Overconfidence Bias3.4%This article: 5.6%Sean Higgins: 5.2%KUER: 7.4%Framing Effect5.6%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.9%KUER: 1.3%Loss Aversion0.0%This article: 0.7%Sean Higgins: 1.1%KUER: 1.2%Status Quo Bias0.7%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.1%KUER: 0.3%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 7.4%Sean Higgins: 4.1%KUER: 4.4%Optimism Bias7.4%This article: 5.4%Sean Higgins: 1.9%KUER: 2.4%Pessimism Bias5.4%This article: 16.7%Sean Higgins: 5.3%KUER: 6.3%Negativity Bias16.7%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 4.2%KUER: 2.2%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.7%KUER: 0.9%Fundamental Attribution Error0.0%This article: 3.9%Sean Higgins: 0.2%KUER: 0.2%Actor-Observer Bias3.9%This article: 2.2%Sean Higgins: 2.7%KUER: 1.9%In-Group Bias2.2%This article: 6.1%Sean Higgins: 0.8%KUER: 0.6%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias6.1%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 2.1%KUER: 2.3%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.0%KUER: 0.1%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.0%KUER: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 3.2%Sean Higgins: 1.2%KUER: 1.2%Recency Bias3.2%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.5%KUER: 0.3%Primacy Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.1%KUER: 0.1%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 6.7%Sean Higgins: 0.5%KUER: 0.6%Ad Hominem6.7%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.6%KUER: 0.4%Straw Man0.0%This article: 9.8%Sean Higgins: 4.1%KUER: 4.7%Appeal to Authority9.8%This article: 0.7%Sean Higgins: 2.2%KUER: 1.7%False Dilemma0.7%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.7%KUER: 1.1%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.2%KUER: 0.2%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 2.8%Sean Higgins: 4.7%KUER: 4.1%Hasty Generalization2.8%This article: 1.3%Sean Higgins: 0.2%KUER: 0.2%Red Herring1.3%This article: 0.9%Sean Higgins: 0.6%KUER: 0.7%Bandwagon0.9%This article: 4.9%Sean Higgins: 5.5%KUER: 5.6%Appeal to Emotion4.9%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.8%KUER: 0.7%Begging the Question0.0%This article: 8.9%Sean Higgins: 2.5%KUER: 2.4%Post Hoc (False Cause)8.9%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.1%KUER: 0.1%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.3%KUER: 0.4%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.3%KUER: 0.2%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 2.2%Sean Higgins: 0.3%KUER: 0.3%Composition/Division2.2%This article: 7.1%Sean Higgins: 2.4%KUER: 3.1%Anecdotal7.1%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.2%KUER: 0.1%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 1.8%KUER: 1.5%Ambiguity (Equivocation)0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.0%KUER: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.9%Sean Higgins: 0.2%KUER: 0.2%Middle Ground0.9%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.1%KUER: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 0.1%KUER: 0.1%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 2.7%Sean Higgins: 0.1%KUER: 0.2%Genetic Fallacy2.7%This article: 2.6%Sean Higgins: 0.9%KUER: 0.8%Unattributed Quote2.6%This article: 4.6%Sean Higgins: 0.8%KUER: 0.7%Quote-first Misdirection4.6%This article: 3.2%Sean Higgins: 1.4%KUER: 2.2%Biased Writer Voice3.2%This article: 2.1%Sean Higgins: 2.4%KUER: 1.6%Indoctrination2.1%This article: 0.0%Sean Higgins: 1.3%KUER: 0.8%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 2.7%Sean Higgins: 0.3%KUER: 0.3%Politically Right Leaning Bias2.7%This article: 6.7%Sean Higgins: 0.6%KUER: 1.0%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…6.7%

820 words analyzed.

Speakers

7speakers61%attributed speech322writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageUtah Department of Health and Human Services • 25 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 26 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 21 words • 100.0% coverageUniversity of Utah • 26 words • 0.0% coverageHailey Perkins • 20 words • 0.0% coverageHailey Perkins • 12 words • 100.0% coverageHailey Perkins • 7 words • 0.0% coverageHailey Perkins • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 4 words • 0.0% coverageLeisha Nolen • 26 words • 100.0% coverageLeisha Nolen • 2 words • 0.0% coverageLeisha Nolen • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 27 words • 0.0% coverageSalt Lake County • 16 words • 0.0% coverageUtah Department of Health and Human Services • 28 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 0.0% coverageLeisha Nolen • 27 words • 0.0% coverageLeisha Nolen • 40 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 16 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 28 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 100.0% coverageRobert F. Kennedy Jr. • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageLeisha Nolen • 18 words • 0.0% coverageLeisha Nolen • 23 words • 0.0% coverageDavid Heaton • 32 words • 0.0% coverageDavid Heaton • 25 words • 0.0% coverageDavid Heaton • 17 words • 0.0% coverageDavid Heaton • 21 words • 0.0% coverageDavid Heaton • 6 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageDavid Heaton • 55 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 19 words • 0.0% coverageLeisha Nolen • 19 words • 0.0% coverageLeisha Nolen • 28 words • 0.0% coverage
Selected voice

David Heaton

87%flagged-word coverage
156 attributed words31% of attributed speech69% writer coverage
0%20.0%40.0%Attempt to Sell a Product +35.3 ptsWriter: 0.0%David Heaton: 35.3%35.3%Biased Writer Voice-8.1 ptsWriter: 8.1%David Heaton: 0.0%0.0%Politically Right Leaning -6.8 ptsWriter: 6.8%David Heaton: 0.0%0.0%Unattributed Quote-6.5 ptsWriter: 6.5%David Heaton: 0.0%0.0%Indoctrination+0.4 ptsWriter: 3.4%David Heaton: 3.8%3.8%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.