Missouri legislature passes bill targeting antisemitism in schools and colleges 19%

By Lilley Halloran0%

4/9/2026, 12:55:15 PM

BS Summary: This article contains 17 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Authority, Negativity Bias, and Anecdotal, with Appeal to Emotion as the most egregious example at 13.4% saturation with 80 hits. Analysis detected 612 faulty-reasoning hits from 597 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 34% and a BS Rank of 19% (17,735 of 21,887 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 81.00% of the article peer group.

A bill to address antisemitism in schools has been sent to Missouri Gov. 
Mike Kehoe's desk. 
The House approved the legislation 100-17 on Thursday with 19 representatives, mostly Democrats, voting present. 
“Our Jewish community, our students, need to know that we have their back,” said Rep. 
George Hruza, R-St. 
Louis County. 
Hruza, the bill's sponsor, has talked about being the son of a Holocaust survivor. 
The legislation requires the implementation of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's definition of antisemitism into state law and school codes of conduct. 
It reads: “Antisemitism is a certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred toward Jews. 
Rhetorical and physical manifestations of antisemitism are directed toward Jewish or non-Jewish individuals and/or their property, toward Jewish community institutions and religious facilities.” 
Examples of antisemitism provided by the alliance include denying the Holocaust or comparing Israel's contemporary policy to that of Nazis. 
The legislation passed the Senate 30-0 on Wednesday, but not without major changes. 
“Schools will have a little bit more leeway in how they apply the IHRA definition of antisemitism to make sure it's in context and deals specifically with harassment and intimidation,” Hruza said. 
Hruza said he believes the Senate changes made his bill stronger. 
Under the legislation, public K-12 schools and colleges will be required to outline prohibited actions in their codes of conduct. 
An amendment from Senate Minority Leader Doug Beck, D-St. 
Louis County, added charter schools to the list. 
The legislation does not require schools to take specific action against students who are found to have been antisemitic. 
It does mandate that antisemitic harassment or discrimination carry the same penalties for schools, including funding cuts, as the kinds of discrimination already outlined in Title VI of federal law. 
The State Board of Education must also monitor antisemitic actions and provide an annual report to the legislature. 
A Senate provision added reporting requirements for all forms of discrimination outlined in Title VI. 
The bill received backlash from some House Democrats in February for not doing so. 
Sen. 
Mike Moon, R-Ash Grove, also sponsored an amendment adding a condemnation of all forms of discrimination to the legislation. 
Still, some House Democrats voted against the legislation, including Rep. 
Bridget Walsh-Moore, D-St. 
Louis County, who said it merely reiterates protections in the Constitution. 
“We've had a rise of hate crimes across the board and I don't see much being done other than some talking points,” Walsh-Moore said. 
“I think if we're going to talk the talk, we're going to need to walk the walk, and I have not seen the walk yet.” 
Some also expressed concern the legislation will discourage debate in schools about the Middle East. 
“I guess we're going to drop missiles on some of them, and then we're going to pass laws so that we don't talk about it,” said Rep. 
Elizabeth Fuchs, D-St. 
Louis, who voted against the bill. 
The bill text says, “Criticism of Israel that is similar to criticism toward any other country shall not be construed to be antisemitic.” 
A provision added by the Senate also requires schools to determine if the speech created an atmosphere of intimidation. 
Sen. 
Stephen Webber, D-Columbia, said he would have voted against the bill without changes and believes the new version does not stifle free speech. 
“I think that the state will be better off when each school does have a policy that protects these Jewish kids,” Webber said, adding the bill was important to him and his constituents. 
HB 2061 first passed the House in February. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 3.9%Lilley Halloran: 1.9%Belleville News-Democrat: 2.4%Confirmation Bias3.9%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.6%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.2%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 7.4%Lilley Halloran: 3.6%Belleville News-Democrat: 2.7%Availability Heuristic7.4%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.7%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.8%Representativeness Heuristic0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.3%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.5%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 1.9%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.4%Overconfidence Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 5.6%Belleville News-Democrat: 7.3%Framing Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 1.8%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.1%Loss Aversion0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 1.3%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.0%Status Quo Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.2%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.3%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 5.5%Lilley Halloran: 3.8%Belleville News-Democrat: 4.8%Optimism Bias5.5%This article: 6.7%Lilley Halloran: 3.1%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.9%Pessimism Bias6.7%This article: 8.5%Lilley Halloran: 6.2%Belleville News-Democrat: 7.1%Negativity Bias8.5%This article: 3.7%Lilley Halloran: 2.3%Belleville News-Democrat: 3.1%Self-Serving Bias3.7%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.4%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.9%Fundamental Attribution Error0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.2%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.2%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 5.5%Lilley Halloran: 1.4%Belleville News-Democrat: 2.2%In-Group Bias5.5%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.5%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.5%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 2.3%Lilley Halloran: 0.5%Belleville News-Democrat: 2.4%Halo Effect2.3%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.0%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.1%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.0%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.7%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.0%Recency Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.2%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.3%Primacy Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.0%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.1%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.8%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.5%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.7%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.4%Straw Man0.0%This article: 8.7%Lilley Halloran: 3.0%Belleville News-Democrat: 3.6%Appeal to Authority8.7%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 1.7%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.3%False Dilemma0.0%This article: 2.5%Lilley Halloran: 2.4%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.9%Slippery Slope2.5%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.2%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.2%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 4.0%Lilley Halloran: 4.4%Belleville News-Democrat: 3.7%Hasty Generalization4.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.4%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.3%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.6%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.7%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 13.4%Lilley Halloran: 10.4%Belleville News-Democrat: 6.6%Appeal to Emotion13.4%This article: 1.8%Lilley Halloran: 0.8%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.8%Begging the Question1.8%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 2.7%Belleville News-Democrat: 2.1%Post Hoc (False Cause)0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.1%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.1%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.8%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.4%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.6%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.2%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.1%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.2%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 8.2%Lilley Halloran: 3.0%Belleville News-Democrat: 2.6%Anecdotal8.2%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.0%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.1%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 6.2%Lilley Halloran: 1.9%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.3%Ambiguity (Equivocation)6.2%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.0%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.3%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.1%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.1%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.0%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.2%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.1%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.2%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 7.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.6%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.8%Unattributed Quote7.0%This article: 7.0%Lilley Halloran: 1.6%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.9%Quote-first Misdirection7.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 1.0%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.8%Biased Writer Voice0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.9%Belleville News-Democrat: 1.1%Indoctrination0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.6%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.8%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.4%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.2%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Lilley Halloran: 0.2%Belleville News-Democrat: 0.7%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…0.0%

597 words analyzed.

Speakers

7speakers36%attributed speech382writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 13 words • 0.0% coverageMike Kehoe • 3 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 100.0% coverageGeorge Hruza • 3 words • 0.0% coverageGeorge Hruza • 2 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 17 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 23 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 13 words • 0.0% coverageGeorge Hruza • 32 words • 0.0% coverageGeorge Hruza • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 0.0% coverageDoug Beck • 9 words • 0.0% coverageDoug Beck • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 19 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 30 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageMike Moon • 19 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 10 words • 0.0% coverageBridget Walsh-Moore • 3 words • 0.0% coverageBridget Walsh-Moore • 11 words • 0.0% coverageBridget Walsh-Moore • 24 words • 0.0% coverageBridget Walsh-Moore • 25 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 27 words • 100.0% coverageElizabeth Fuchs • 3 words • 0.0% coverageElizabeth Fuchs • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 23 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 19 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 1 words • 0.0% coverageStephen Webber • 23 words • 0.0% coverageStephen Webber • 33 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverage
Selected voice

Bridget Walsh-Moore

95%flagged-word coverage
63 attributed words29% of attributed speech50% writer coverage
0%7.5%15.0%Unattributed Quote-11.0 ptsWriter: 11.0%Bridget Walsh-Moore: 0.0%0.0%Quote-first Misdirection-11.0 ptsWriter: 11.0%Bridget Walsh-Moore: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.