Send Bridge Michigan journalists where the story leads 93%

By Sally Freels99%

7/23/2026, 8:09:52 PM

BS Summary: This article contains 26 faulty reasoning types, including Biased Writer Voice, Sunk Cost Effect, and Availability Heuristic, with Attempt to Sell a Product or Service as the most egregious example at 33.7% saturation with 114 hits. Analysis detected 871 faulty-reasoning hits from 338 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 87.7% and a BS Rank of 93% (1,665 of 21,887 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 92.40% of the article peer group.

Bridge Michigan journalism starts with showing up. 
Last year, our reporters traveled 55,985 miles across Michigan to report from the communities, meetings, schools, businesses, shorelines and neighborhoods where the state’s biggest stories were unfolding. 
That travel helped Bridge Michigan publish more than 1,374 stories directly related to life in Michigan  stories about hospital closures, literacy efforts for older students, rising health care costs, historic flooding and the decisions affecting Michiganders’ daily lives. 
Those stories were reported by people, in communities, through real conversations and careful observation. 
They were not generated by AI or assembled from a distance. 
That matters because firsthand reporting gives readers a fuller story. 
When Bridge reporters are there, they can see conditions for themselves, hear directly from residents and ask the follow-up questions that help readers understand not just what happened, but why it matters. 
This summer, we’re raising $55,985  one dollar for every mile our journalists traveled last year  to help keep Bridge Michigan reporters on the road. 
That travel supports reporting across our newsroom, from politics, education, health and business to the environment, outdoor life, western Michigan, northern Michigan and the Upper Peninsula. 
In an era when misinformation spreads quickly, and more news is filtered through algorithms, firsthand reporting matters. 
Bridge Michigan journalism is reported by people who show up, listen, verify facts and work to understand what is happening on the ground. 
Reader contributions help cover the mileage, lodging and time it takes to deliver trusted, independent journalism from across Michigan. 
Bridge Michigan news is free for everyone to read, but it is not free to produce. 
We do not put our journalism behind a paywall because reliable information should be available to all Michiganders. 
That is possible because readers choose to support this work. 
Will you contribute to our summer campaign and help send Bridge Michigan reporters where the stories are? 
Yes, I’ll support firsthand reporting today! 
Thank you for helping Bridge Michigan go the distance for Michigan journalism. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 11.5%Sally Freels: 7.7%Bridge: 3.0%Confirmation Bias11.5%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 2.6%Bridge: 1.2%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 13.0%Sally Freels: 7.0%Bridge: 3.0%Availability Heuristic13.0%This article: 7.7%Sally Freels: 2.6%Bridge: 0.7%Representativeness Heuristic7.7%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.2%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 9.5%Sally Freels: 3.2%Bridge: 1.2%Overconfidence Bias9.5%This article: 7.4%Sally Freels: 12.2%Bridge: 6.8%Framing Effect7.4%This article: 12.7%Sally Freels: 4.2%Bridge: 0.3%Loss Aversion12.7%This article: 5.3%Sally Freels: 1.8%Bridge: 0.7%Status Quo Bias5.3%This article: 18.6%Sally Freels: 6.2%Bridge: 0.4%Sunk Cost Effect18.6%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 2.3%Optimism Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 1.6%Pessimism Bias0.0%This article: 3.3%Sally Freels: 1.1%Bridge: 7.0%Negativity Bias3.3%This article: 12.1%Sally Freels: 14.3%Bridge: 2.5%Self-Serving Bias12.1%This article: 5.6%Sally Freels: 1.9%Bridge: 1.0%Fundamental Attribution Error5.6%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.2%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 1.6%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.3%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 10.9%Sally Freels: 7.0%Bridge: 1.9%Halo Effect10.9%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.1%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 5.0%Sally Freels: 1.7%Bridge: 1.4%Recency Bias5.0%This article: 3.6%Sally Freels: 1.2%Bridge: 0.2%Primacy Effect3.6%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.2%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.9%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.4%Straw Man0.0%This article: 6.8%Sally Freels: 4.5%Bridge: 3.4%Appeal to Authority6.8%This article: 9.8%Sally Freels: 4.3%Bridge: 1.0%False Dilemma9.8%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 1.2%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.2%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 11.5%Sally Freels: 4.8%Bridge: 4.1%Hasty Generalization11.5%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.7%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.9%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 7.4%Sally Freels: 9.5%Bridge: 5.6%Appeal to Emotion7.4%This article: 5.9%Sally Freels: 3.0%Bridge: 0.6%Begging the Question5.9%This article: 11.5%Sally Freels: 3.8%Bridge: 1.8%Post Hoc (False Cause)11.5%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.2%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 1.0%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 5.3%Sally Freels: 1.8%Bridge: 0.1%Appeal to Nature5.3%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.2%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 1.3%Anecdotal0.0%This article: 3.3%Sally Freels: 1.1%Bridge: 0.1%No True Scotsman3.3%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 1.9%Ambiguity (Equivocation)0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.3%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.0%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.3%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.1%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.9%Unattributed Quote0.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 1.0%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 21.6%Sally Freels: 33.2%Bridge: 3.2%Biased Writer Voice21.6%This article: 9.5%Sally Freels: 8.8%Bridge: 1.7%Indoctrination9.5%This article: 5.0%Sally Freels: 1.7%Bridge: 0.2%Politically Left Leaning Bias5.0%This article: 0.0%Sally Freels: 0.0%Bridge: 0.2%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 33.7%Sally Freels: 25.4%Bridge: 0.9%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…33.7%

338 words analyzed.

Speakers

No attributed speakers were identified in this analysis.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.