Shadow raises pitched as option for cash-strapped Japanese companies ⁠100%

By Kazuaki Nagata⁠0%

3/27/2026, 7:07:00 AM

BS Summary: This article contains 12 faulty reasoning types, including Recency Bias, Appeal to Authority, and Burden of Proof, with Availability Heuristic as the most egregious example at 40% saturation with 44 hits. Analysis detected 411 faulty-reasoning hits from 110 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 100% and a BS Rank of ⁠100% (15 of 21,887 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 99.90% of the article peer group.

Smaller Japanese companies struggling to keep up with demands for more money from employees who are themselves struggling to make ends meet, might have a way to pay more without paying too much. 
By using various types of non-salary compensation, they can give shadow raises while avoiding some of the costs that normally accompany simple salary increases. 
“An increasing number of companies come to us with a clear objective: that they want to use employee benefits to increase disposable income as an alternative to direct pay hikes,” said Shigeru Aizawa, head of employee benefits in the empowerment division at Tokyo-based Freee. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 21.8%Kazuaki Nagata: 5.1%The Japan Times: 3.5%Confirmation Bias21.8%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 6.1%The Japan Times: 1.9%Anchoring Bias0.0%This article: 40.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 6.4%The Japan Times: 4.7%Availability Heuristic40.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.5%The Japan Times: 1.3%Representativeness Heuristic0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 1.1%The Japan Times: 0.6%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 2.9%The Japan Times: 2.0%Overconfidence Bias0.0%This article: 8.2%Kazuaki Nagata: 11.9%The Japan Times: 14.4%Framing Effect8.2%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 1.1%The Japan Times: 0.9%Loss Aversion0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 1.0%The Japan Times: 1.3%Status Quo Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.2%The Japan Times: 0.2%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 30.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 4.5%The Japan Times: 4.7%Optimism Bias30.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 5.4%The Japan Times: 3.3%Pessimism Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 8.7%The Japan Times: 11.6%Negativity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.6%The Japan Times: 0.8%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 1.0%The Japan Times: 0.8%Fundamental Attribution Error0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.2%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 1.0%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.1%The Japan Times: 0.8%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.3%The Japan Times: 1.5%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.1%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 40.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 5.6%The Japan Times: 2.2%Recency Bias40.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.6%The Japan Times: 0.9%Primacy Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.0%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.2%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.1%Straw Man0.0%This article: 40.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 6.6%The Japan Times: 5.5%Appeal to Authority40.0%This article: 21.8%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.9%The Japan Times: 1.7%False Dilemma21.8%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.7%The Japan Times: 1.0%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.4%The Japan Times: 0.2%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 30.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 2.9%The Japan Times: 4.5%Hasty Generalization30.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.1%The Japan Times: 0.3%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 1.7%The Japan Times: 0.6%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.9%The Japan Times: 3.6%Appeal to Emotion0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 1.3%The Japan Times: 0.9%Begging the Question0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 7.2%The Japan Times: 4.2%Post Hoc (False Cause)0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.1%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 40.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.4%The Japan Times: 0.5%Burden of Proof40.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.1%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.1%The Japan Times: 0.2%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 40.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 1.0%The Japan Times: 1.1%Anecdotal40.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.0%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 2.5%The Japan Times: 3.0%Ambiguity (Equivocation)0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.1%The Japan Times: 0.1%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.0%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.1%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.0%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 40.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 5.2%The Japan Times: 4.6%Unattributed Quote40.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 3.2%The Japan Times: 1.8%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 9.7%The Japan Times: 9.0%Biased Writer Voice0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.3%The Japan Times: 1.6%Indoctrination0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.6%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Kazuaki Nagata: 0.0%The Japan Times: 0.2%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 21.8%Kazuaki Nagata: 1.7%The Japan Times: 0.5%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…21.8%

110 words analyzed.

Speakers

1speaker40%attributed speech66writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 9 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 33 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 24 words • 100.0% coverageShigeru Aizawa • 44 words • 100.0% coverage
Selected voice

Shigeru Aizawa

100%flagged-word coverage
44 attributed words100% of attributed speech100% writer coverage
0%50.0%100.0%Unattributed Quote+100.0 ptsWriter: 0.0%Shigeru Aizawa: 100.0%100.0%Attempt to Sell a Product -36.4 ptsWriter: 36.4%Shigeru Aizawa: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.