BS Summary: This article contains 22 faulty reasoning types, including Biased Writer Voice, Pessimism Bias, and Negativity Bias, with Availability Heuristic as the most egregious example at 18.7% saturation with 114 hits. Analysis detected 842 faulty-reasoning hits from 611 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 47.6% and a BS Rank of 45% (12,117 of 21,887 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 55.40% of the article peer group.

Examples of railroad track “sunkinks” or heat buckling. 
Last week’s heat wave was neither the worst nor the last we’ll see this summer. 
But its effects on our trains, planes and automobiles are worth remembering, and planning for, because this kind of weather will return. 
Heat can take a serious toll on our travels. 
Wildfire smoke: Fueled by hot and tinder-dry conditions in Canada, last week’s smoky skies contributed to flight delays and travel disruptions. 
Drivers were warned to keep their windows closed, switch the ventilation system to recirculate, and make sure the cabin air filter was clean. 
Trains: Heat can make railroad tracks lengthen by an inch (in an 1,800-foot piece of track) for every ten degrees of temperature. 
Because much of the track in the Northeast is welded rail (without many expansion joints) that can lead to buckling, known in the biz as  sun kinks,  where tracks get seriously out of alignment. 
That can force the railroads to slow their trains down, in Amtrak’s case to just 80 mph in extreme cases, to avoid derailments. 
Heat can also cause older fixed-tension catenary wires to expand and sag. 
Much of Metro-North’s original overhead power system was more than 100 years old before Connecticut replaced it with modern constant-tension equipment. 
But when the old wires sagged, a passing train’s pantograph could snag them, bringing down the power system and halting service. 
You may remember just such an incident in 2011 on the then-hottest day of the summer with Manhattan pavement heating to 147 degrees. 
A train near Westport got its pantograph tangled in the sagging power lines, stranding over 200 passengers onboard with no air conditioning and no windows that could open. 
The passengers, understandably, panicked and called 911 seeking rescue by local first responders. 
One positive outcome was improved emergency planning, including provisions for supplying water to passengers on stranded trains. 
Planes: Aviation also has trouble with the heat, in some cases because it’s just too hot to fly. 
Hot air is lighter than cold air, right? 
Add higher elevation to the mix (think Denver, where the air is already thinner) and the physics of flying just doesn’t work. 
In 2017 Phoenix’s Sky Harbor Airport had to cancel dozens of flights when the air temps hit 120 degrees. 
Where runways are shorter, some aircraft, particularly smaller regional jets, may not be able to operate safely without reducing their weight or waiting for cooler conditions. 
Automobiles: Your car is not immune to heat, either, especially its tires. 
Sustained high temperatures can accelerate tire deterioration, while an underinflated tire flexes and builds up even more heat as it rolls, increasing the risk of tread separation or a blowout. 
Check tire pressures when they are cold and use the recommended pressure printed on the driver’s-door. 
But it’s your car’s cooling system that’s strained the most, working overtime to keep the engine temperature stable. 
If the temperature gauge starts climbing, turning off the A/C can reduce the load on the engine. 
But if the car is actually overheating, pull over safely and shut it down. 
And the road itself is also under attack: concrete can buckle (from expansion) and asphalt can soften and start rutting. 
As with the trains, the safest solution is to slow down and watch for trouble ahead. 
We like to think of Connecticut summers as reliably hot. 
What we’re not prepared for is heat this intense… or wildfire smoke this frequent. 
Our trains, planes and roads weren’t designed for heat this extreme and this persistent. 
Neither were we. 
The heat is coming again. 
The only question is whether we’ll be ready. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 2.3%Jim Cameron: 0.8%CT Mirror: 2.6%Confirmation Bias2.3%This article: 3.4%Jim Cameron: 1.1%CT Mirror: 0.6%Anchoring Bias3.4%This article: 18.7%Jim Cameron: 8.5%CT Mirror: 3.0%Availability Heuristic18.7%This article: 5.9%Jim Cameron: 2.0%CT Mirror: 1.0%Representativeness Heuristic5.9%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.3%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 1.3%Overconfidence Bias0.0%This article: 9.8%Jim Cameron: 4.7%CT Mirror: 5.3%Framing Effect9.8%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.7%Loss Aversion0.0%This article: 1.6%Jim Cameron: 0.5%CT Mirror: 0.6%Status Quo Bias1.6%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.3%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 3.1%Optimism Bias0.0%This article: 12.8%Jim Cameron: 9.2%CT Mirror: 1.9%Pessimism Bias12.8%This article: 12.4%Jim Cameron: 11.3%CT Mirror: 7.1%Negativity Bias12.4%This article: 0.5%Jim Cameron: 0.2%CT Mirror: 2.1%Self-Serving Bias0.5%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.5%Fundamental Attribution Error0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.1%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.5%CT Mirror: 1.0%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.2%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 2.9%Jim Cameron: 1.0%CT Mirror: 1.2%Halo Effect2.9%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.0%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 0.8%Jim Cameron: 0.3%CT Mirror: 0.8%Recency Bias0.8%This article: 1.3%Jim Cameron: 0.4%CT Mirror: 0.4%Primacy Effect1.3%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.0%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 1.0%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.3%Straw Man0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 3.5%Appeal to Authority0.0%This article: 3.9%Jim Cameron: 1.7%CT Mirror: 1.5%False Dilemma3.9%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.8%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.1%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 2.3%Jim Cameron: 1.5%CT Mirror: 4.0%Hasty Generalization2.3%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.1%Red Herring0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.7%Bandwagon0.0%This article: 2.1%Jim Cameron: 3.7%CT Mirror: 5.2%Appeal to Emotion2.1%This article: 3.6%Jim Cameron: 1.2%CT Mirror: 0.8%Begging the Question3.6%This article: 6.9%Jim Cameron: 2.3%CT Mirror: 2.1%Post Hoc (False Cause)6.9%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.2%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.7%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.1%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.2%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 11.5%Jim Cameron: 3.8%CT Mirror: 2.7%Anecdotal11.5%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.1%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 4.1%Jim Cameron: 2.6%CT Mirror: 1.8%Ambiguity (Equivocation)4.1%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.2%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.0%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.2%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.2%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 6.4%Jim Cameron: 3.4%CT Mirror: 0.8%Unattributed Quote6.4%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 1.1%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 14.6%Jim Cameron: 6.4%CT Mirror: 2.8%Biased Writer Voice14.6%This article: 10.0%Jim Cameron: 8.2%CT Mirror: 2.7%Indoctrination10.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 1.1%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.1%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Jim Cameron: 0.0%CT Mirror: 0.6%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…0.0%

611 words analyzed.

Speakers

No attributed speakers were identified in this analysis.

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Analysis

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