The Case for Compensating Live Organ Donors 23%

By AJ Fluehr71%

4/23/2009, 3:50:47 PM

BS Summary: This article contains 21 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Emotion, Negativity Bias, and Availability Heuristic, with Appeal to Authority as the most egregious example at 19.8% saturation with 87 hits. Analysis detected 803 faulty-reasoning hits from 440 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 36.4% and a BS Rank of 23% (16,865 of 21,886 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 77.10% of the article peer group.

April 23, 2009 11:50 AM ET 
Conflicting opinions on the ethics of organ donation have existed as long as organ transplantation has been medically feasible. 
Eligibility requirements, reason for transplant, and international organ tourism continuously resurface as difficult medical policy and ethics issues. 
One issue about which there is little dispute is demand for organs far exceeding the supply of donors. 
Demand for kidneys exceeds the current supply of deceased donor organs and altruistic donors. 
Approximately 73,000 people sit on the waiting list for a kidney  18 of them will die by tomorrow and 6,000 more patients join the list every year. 
By 2010, over 100,000 Americans will wait for a kidney donation. 
A kidney transplant in the United States generally requires a five-year wait. 
The development of a transparent, regulated market for live organ donation is currently prohibited by the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 (NOTA), which imposes criminal penalties of up to $50,000 and five years in prison for any person who “knowingly acquire[s], receive[s], or otherwise transfer[s] any human organ for valuable consideration for use in human transplantation.” 
The establishment of a transparent, public market to permit the sale of organs from live donors will transform organ procurement from a lengthy, stressful, medically damaging waiting game into a safer, more efficient, routine, life-saving process. 
Such a market would have both economic and moral merit; it would deliver more and better organs at less cost than alternative options, and will result in more lives saved. 
A model of direct payment for organs is available in the experience of Iran, which has allowed compensation since the late 1980s. 
Singapore plans to introduce direct compensation in 2009. 
What can be learned from a study of this process and its potential role in the modern American medical landscape? 
The deliberate choice to rely on altruism has been unsuccessful and fails to reflect the advances that have been made in transplant techniques. 
Technology and success rates have improved; why has policy remained largely unchanged? 
The tide, however, is beginning to turn. 
Individual states are experimenting with indirect payment systems to increase the number of live donors. 
Moral outrage ought to be directed not at the tension between markets and altruism, but at the needless loss of life as transplant waiting lists continue to grow. 
In that spirit, this paper offers two policy proposals to support the development of payment systems  both direct and indirect  for procurement of organs. 
The most expedient route to a transparent regulated market requires a repeal of section 301 of the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 9.3%The Daily Caller: 5.0%Confirmation Bias0.0%This article: 5.2%AJ Fluehr: 0.4%The Daily Caller: 0.7%Anchoring Bias5.2%This article: 14.8%AJ Fluehr: 4.0%The Daily Caller: 2.7%Availability Heuristic14.8%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 1.6%The Daily Caller: 0.8%Representativeness Heuristic0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.4%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 6.8%AJ Fluehr: 5.5%The Daily Caller: 3.3%Overconfidence Bias6.8%This article: 8.0%AJ Fluehr: 7.1%The Daily Caller: 10.4%Framing Effect8.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 1.4%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Loss Aversion0.0%This article: 2.7%AJ Fluehr: 0.6%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Status Quo Bias2.7%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.7%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 9.8%AJ Fluehr: 4.1%The Daily Caller: 2.7%Optimism Bias9.8%This article: 5.2%AJ Fluehr: 2.5%The Daily Caller: 2.5%Pessimism Bias5.2%This article: 16.8%AJ Fluehr: 5.2%The Daily Caller: 8.2%Negativity Bias16.8%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 1.3%The Daily Caller: 1.2%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.7%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Fundamental Attribution Error0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Actor-Observer Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 1.8%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 1.6%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 1.3%The Daily Caller: 1.6%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 1.8%AJ Fluehr: 0.1%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Recency Bias1.8%This article: 4.1%AJ Fluehr: 0.5%The Daily Caller: 0.6%Primacy Effect4.1%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.2%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Blind-Spot Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 2.5%The Daily Caller: 1.1%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 4.8%The Daily Caller: 1.3%Straw Man0.0%This article: 19.8%AJ Fluehr: 3.6%The Daily Caller: 4.6%Appeal to Authority19.8%This article: 6.4%AJ Fluehr: 4.9%The Daily Caller: 2.9%False Dilemma6.4%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 4.9%The Daily Caller: 2.4%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 4.5%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Circular Reasoning4.5%This article: 10.2%AJ Fluehr: 9.3%The Daily Caller: 6.3%Hasty Generalization10.2%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.3%The Daily Caller: 0.4%Red Herring0.0%This article: 4.1%AJ Fluehr: 0.2%The Daily Caller: 1.0%Bandwagon4.1%This article: 19.5%AJ Fluehr: 6.3%The Daily Caller: 5.7%Appeal to Emotion19.5%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 3.3%The Daily Caller: 2.1%Begging the Question0.0%This article: 11.6%AJ Fluehr: 4.4%The Daily Caller: 3.5%Post Hoc (False Cause)11.6%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.9%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.5%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 1.3%The Daily Caller: 0.4%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.9%The Daily Caller: 1.5%Anecdotal0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.2%The Daily Caller: 0.0%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 5.2%AJ Fluehr: 0.4%The Daily Caller: 1.9%Ambiguity (Equivocation)5.2%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.7%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 5.2%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.2%Special Pleading5.2%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.1%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.7%The Daily Caller: 2.2%Unattributed Quote0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.5%The Daily Caller: 1.8%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 9.8%AJ Fluehr: 13.6%The Daily Caller: 8.5%Biased Writer Voice9.8%This article: 10.9%AJ Fluehr: 4.3%The Daily Caller: 3.6%Indoctrination10.9%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.0%The Daily Caller: 0.3%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 2.7%The Daily Caller: 5.0%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%AJ Fluehr: 0.8%The Daily Caller: 1.3%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…0.0%

440 words analyzed.

Speakers

1speaker13%attributed speech383writer words
Voice mapSelect a segment to jump to its words
Writer's voice • 7 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 6 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 19 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 18 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 14 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 28 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 11 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageNational Organ Transplant Act of 1984 (NOTA) • 57 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 36 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 30 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 22 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 8 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 20 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 23 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 12 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 7 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 15 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 28 words • 100.0% coverageWriter's voice • 26 words • 0.0% coverageWriter's voice • 23 words • 0.0% coverage
100%flagged-word coverage
57 attributed words100% of attributed speech77% writer coverage
0%7.5%15.0%Indoctrination-12.5 ptsWriter: 12.5%National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 (NOTA): 0.0%0.0%Biased Writer Voice-11.2 ptsWriter: 11.2%National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 (NOTA): 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.